Waste incineration brick oven. Incineration of garbage in the country: the use of a barrel and a brick incinerator

On any summer cottage sooner or later you have to remove plant waste and various small debris. As a rule, they are simply burned, but an ordinary fire poses a great danger to buildings, plantings and soil. The safest way to incinerate waste is with a special oven.

Every summer resident asks this question, since it is impossible to put things in order at the site without burning the resulting waste, but at the same time, the use of open fire is prohibited by fire safety rules. In fact, it is permitted to burn vegetable waste and small debris if certain rules and regulations are followed.

What the law says

There is a decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2012 N 390 "On the fire regime", which clearly states that waste incineration on agricultural land can be carried out in compliance with all fire safety requirements (paragraph 218). Thus, the owners of summer cottages should just familiarize themselves with these rules.

Appointment of summer cottages for waste destruction

A typical summer cottage has little empty territory that would be suitable for making a fire, since almost all of its space is occupied by plantings and buildings. In addition to the immediate danger of a fire, the fire negatively affects the soil, as it burns out vegetation and leads to the death of various beneficial microorganisms.

The use of a country stove nullifies all these problems, since the fire cannot spread openly, the ash will remain in the stove, and the soil will not be disturbed. There are various options for such ovens.

When choosing a summer cottage, you should pay attention to some points:

1. Weight. Furnace weight depends on metal and wall thickness. A design that is too light, as a rule, has thin walls, which will soon burn out, and a heavy stove is inconvenient to move if necessary.
2. Dimensions. In a large stove, you can easily burn spreading branches, long boards and other bulky waste, however, there will be difficulties with transporting and storing such a stove.
3. Fire safety. The stove must be constructed so that the waste is burned as safely as possible. Sparks or coals must not fly out.
4. Convenient cleansing. There should be a dedicated ash collection system that can then be easily scooped up.
5. Aesthetics. A good owner will prefer a stove that looks neat and beautiful enough.

Thus, when choosing a stove for incinerating garbage in the country, you should think over the nuances that arise during operation in advance and choose the most suitable one for the purpose.

Types of homemade structures: do-it-yourself ovens

It is not necessary to go to special shops selling summer cottage goods. You can make a waste incinerator yourself. There are several of the most common options:

• barrel;
• brick oven;
• special pit.

These designs differ in the method of manufacture, ease of use, durability, mobility, and other characteristics.

From the barrel

The simplest design for waste incineration is an old metal barrel.

A significant advantage of the barrel is that long planks and branches can easily fit into it.

To provide the air flow necessary for combustion, holes should be drilled in the walls and bottom, and then the barrel itself should be placed on some kind of support, for example, on bricks. Also, the bottom can be completely removed, and this kind of cylinder can be placed over the dug groove through which the air will flow. Garbage in such a design will burn even faster.

It is worth considering that the barrel must have thick walls, since the thin iron will quickly burn out and perforate.

If possible, it is recommended to put inside the barrel a cylinder of a smaller diameter (5-6 cm), made of thick sheet iron. This design will protect the thin walls and provide additional traction not only from the bottom, but also along the sides of the barrel.

To extinguish a fire, you need to have a metal cover that will obstruct the access of air. For safety reasons, you need to keep a supply of water or sand near such a stove in order to quickly extinguish the fire.

How to design a barrel-stove for burning garbage in a summer cottage with your own hands is described in the following video:

Brick

A brick stove is more durable, functional, and can have a rather aesthetic appearance.

It is important to take into account that after construction it is impossible to move it, so you need to immediately choose the place where you plan to burn the garbage.

In the presence of medium-sized waste, the dimensions of the furnace can be small, about a hundred bricks will be enough. If necessary, the dimensions of the oven can always be increased.

To create a brick stove, you must perform the following steps:

1. Clear an area of ​​100 * 70 cm, and then cover it with sand (the layer should have a thickness of about 5 cm).
2. The first layer of bricks should be laid along the perimeter of the structure being created (the perimeter of the future furnace should be less than the backfilled area). It is not necessary to apply the solution, the product is laid "dry". A small gap (1.5-2 cm) must be left between the bricks in order to create high-quality traction.
3. A metal grate must be placed on the bricks. You also need to provide an ash pan, which is suitable for bricks, concrete or sheet steel.
4. Next, lay the rest of the rows, make the last row solid. There should be a metal cover on top.

Such a stove remains functional for a very long time and reliably ensures fire safety.

Other options

If for some reason it is not possible to install a barrel or a brick oven, then you can equip a special recess. It should be built according to the following rules:

• width is 100 cm, depth is at least 30 cm;
• the distance from buildings and trees must be more than 50 m;
• any flammable debris is removed within 10 m from the recess;
• along the perimeter of the harvested area, make a strip of sand 40 cm wide, the soil must first be removed;
• prepare tools and a supply of water for extinguishing the fire.

This option is largely inconvenient, first of all - it requires a large amount of empty space.

Is it possible to buy a ready-made solution? Purchased oven price

If you have the desire and funds, you can purchase a ready-made garbage incinerator. Structurally, all such ovens are barrels. Often chimneys are installed on them, with the help of which the combustion process is significantly accelerated. Also, fast combustion is ensured by the installed (and closed) oven cover.

The finished ovens have a high fire safety and an attractive appearance. The main drawback is only their high cost.

Depending on the different parameters, the stove will cost from 9 to 16 thousand rubles. Structures that do not have a chimney can be found for 5-7 thousand rubles. Such devices are sold in shops selling garden and suburban goods, or in construction markets.

Waste incineration safety

Fire safety regulations establish the following regulations for incineration of garbage in closed ovens:

• the stove should be located at a distance of 25 meters from all buildings, 50 meters from the coniferous forest, and 15 from the deciduous one;
• there should be a five-meter zone around the stove or barrel, free from dry debris and flammable objects;
• a metal sheet should be kept next to the barrel to cover the container and prevent combustion;
• the owner of the site should not leave the incinerated waste unattended;
• the resulting coals must be filled with water or covered with sand to completely stop smoldering.

Failure to comply with these rules can result in fines from the fire inspection, or, much worse, cause a fire.

Thus, it is allowed to get rid of garbage in your area with the help of fire only in compliance with all fire safety rules. It is best to use a dedicated waste incinerator. There are various designs of such ovens, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.

Owners of summer cottages, country houses and cottages, as well as residents of the urban "private sector" are constantly faced with the problem of disposal of large amounts of waste. In addition to the usual household waste, which is also generated in apartments, cut branches of trees and bushes, mown grass, fallen leaves accumulate on the plot of land. If all this is not cleaned up in time, the adjoining territory will very quickly turn into a trash heap.

Burning is the most effective method disposal of plant waste for owners of private houses and land plots.

Note! By law, natural waste cannot be disposed of in public containers intended for (municipal solid waste), but must be stored in a compost pit or bin on site. But over time, expanding, compost heap may take too much space.

There are several ways to burn unnecessary things:

• at the stake;
• in a suitable metal container, such as a garden barrel;
• in a special oven.

Of course, the least environmentally friendly and safest way is to make an open fire. After all, gusts of wind can spread sparks and a burning mass to the sides, which can cause a fire. In addition, the scorched and burnt earth under the ashes becomes "dead" for a long time.

From this point of view, putting garbage for incineration in an iron container is the safest, but it also has a number of disadvantages:

• used containers with sufficiently thin walls quickly burn out and become unusable;
• due to the lack of traction, the compressed mass of waste remains untouched by the fire at the bottom;
• flying sparks and burning pieces can also cause a fire.

So, with the burning of garbage, the owner of the house is trapped by various dirty tricks.

Important! In order to comply with fire safety, Russian legislation prohibits burning waste both in the city and in the country, and on a suburban area (in an open area or in a barrel, trash can, container). Violators face a fine from 2,000 (for individuals) to 200,000 rubles (for legal entities).

What are the types of incinerators. Pros and cons

A typical design for a waste incinerator is usually steel. Additionally, the metal is covered with a special enamel that is resistant to high temperatures.

Usually stationary structures are more spacious, but a more mobile portable version can also be purchased.

Stationary models are usually more bulky and heavy, but they can dispose of a large volume at a time or burn large debris (long branches, boards, etc.).

If you need to burn a large amount of waste, you will have to load the portable stove many times, and grind large pieces, but it will easily fit in the trunk of your car and can be easily carried from place to place by one person.

At the bottom of the furnace there is a special grate - a grate, which simultaneously allows air to enter, retains the burning mass and subsequently ensures the loss of burnt ash.

In addition to these points, it is worth paying attention to the following parameters:

1. The thickness of the metal must be at least 2 mm. The thicker the steel used, the longer the service life of the unit will be. Thin metal will burn out quickly enough.
2. The most convenient structures to use are those that provide for special holes and doors for cleaning ash.
3. The garden waste incinerator must be completely fireproof. The penetration of sparks, fire or the fallout of coals into the air is absolutely unacceptable.
4. The top cover not only limits the release of fire, but also protects the contents from possible precipitation.
5. In models with a chimney, combustion is faster due to increased draft.

Today, you can purchase more complex designs, for example, a model combining a waste incinerator and a heating boiler for domestic needs. This oven is additionally equipped with a water heater and a water pump. The undoubted advantage of this model is that it is "water purification" of harmful combustion products, that is, it is more environmentally friendly.

We make a country stove for burning garbage with our own hands

The simplest and therefore common ways to build a garbage oven with your own hands is to use a garden metal barrel for its manufacture or to lay it out of bricks.

Garden barrel oven

The procedure for manufacturing such a device for incinerating summer cottage waste is quite simple for any craftsman:

And the convenient and fireproof waste incinerator is ready!

Additional information on the manufacture of a vertical design stove from a garden barrel in the video materials: instructions, principle of operation, possibilities of use.

Brick Waste Incinerator

A masonry oven for disposal of waste is also not difficult to implement. First you need to choose a permanent place to place it on the site. You will need a piece of land about 70 by 100 centimeters in size. To make a base for a future structure out of it, it is covered with a 5-7 cm layer of sand and laid out with bricks.

"Craftsmen" also often adapt large iron flasks for the manufacture of country stoves: they are already equipped with convenient lids, it remains to mount a chimney, drill holes for draft and install a grate.

It can be easily converted into a stove and an old sauna heater. For "transformation" all unnecessary details are removed from it, leaving only the body and grate.

The main thing to remember when making or buying your stove is that in the first place it is you who can suffer from any non-compliance with fire protection techniques. It must be made as reliably as possible, "conscientiously". Then cleaning your site from plant waste will be easy and not burdensome for you, and most importantly - absolutely safe.

Many people use a metal barrel, old car disks, pits and other simple inventions for such purposes. I myself have also used them before. But they, unfortunately, become unusable after 2-3 seasons, forcing them to be done again. But luckily
my grandfather came up with a very practical idea: What if you put fire bricks on the inside of the barrel? It would seem, if you judge, why such troubles? However, it is convenient, durable, practical and safe (since the heating during combustion is very strong), because the structure is stronger and more stable.

Another bonus is that the combustion temperature in such a furnace is an order of magnitude higher, and, consequently, the combustion rate and the amount of ash at the exit are much reduced.

Of course, such a stove can be used not only for burning garbage, but also for cooking. For example, I use it as a smokehouse. On average, it takes about 20 minutes for two medium-sized fish, while they cook on a fire for about 40-50 minutes.

As for durability, the first stove that my grandfather made served faithfully for 20 years! And this despite the fact that they used it almost every week.

What the oven itself looks like can be clearly seen on photo 1... From the outside, it looks like an ordinary barrel. But if you look at it, then it has everything: the firebox, and the blower, and the chimney, in a word, like in an ordinary stove! It is due to the blowing ( photo 2) in the barrel and thrust is created, and as a result, the combustion temperature and combustion rate increase. For example, aluminum beverage cans burn out almost completely. For the purity of the experiment, I even tried to throw glass jars into it (not to repeat - it's dangerous!), But they melted and turned into glass blanks.

The basis of the furnace is an ordinary metal barrel, its price on the market is on average 450-500 rubles. It took about 45 bricks inside the masonry, I used a regular brick (not fireclay - this would double the price). Masonry mix - ready-made refractory for stoves, it is sold in any hardware store, and of course, a 30 × 30 mm metal corner grill (what, in fact, garbage is burning on). And they managed to do everything in half a day.

I want to note right away that for such a furnace it is necessary to make a solid foundation. We cast a slab of concrete (about 10 cm high) - this ensured proper stability during summer and winter operation. And for convenience and safety, we made a lid with which we cover the barrel after use (so that water and snow do not get there), and a grate that closes the barrel at a time when the fire is almost extinguished, and the coal smolders for some time (so that the wind does not blow ).

www.umeltsi.ru

What is the law on incineration of garbage in a barrel?

Before using a barrel for incineration in the country, it is better to carefully study the law.

Important! Russian legislation establishes a ban on waste incineration on the territory of the city and in summer cottages (ST 20.4 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation).

Environmental services also talk about environmental damage caused by burning dried plants. The burning of plant waste, especially in spring, often leads to numerous fires, which sometimes cover vast territories and end very badly. Campfires for burning grass, made in the city, have a negative impact on many residents with hypertension, asthmatic and other diseases.

Often, employees of various environmental services and inspectors of fire safety services carry out raids on household plots in order to identify fire safety violators and conduct explanatory work with them. However, many "arsonists" ignore warnings up to the point of bringing them to administrative responsibility.

The prohibition of waste incineration is spelled out in the Federal Law “On the Protection of Atmospheric Air”.

Note! It is forbidden to burn vegetable and other waste in the open areas of summer cottages; it is also forbidden to use barrels, trash cans, containers for burning garbage.

For non-compliance with the provisions of the law, a citizen can be held accountable with a fine. The following fines are provided for different categories of persons:

• for ordinary citizens - 2,000 - 3,000 rubles;
• for citizens who are officials - 6,000 - 15,000 rubles;
• for individual entrepreneurs - 20,000 - 30,000 rubles. (or suspension of business activities for up to 90 days);
• for legal entities - 150,000 - 200,000 rubles. (or suspension of activities for 90 days).

The amount of fines may vary depending on the region of the country and the time of year (for example, during the established period of the fire regime in May, the amount of fines increases for all persons).

Besides such monetary compensation, persons, whose waste incineration led to a fire, will have to pay certain sums of money for the damage caused to the environment.

Employees of environmental services recommend that summer residents use compost pits for the disposal of plant waste. To eliminate other waste, it is necessary to resort to the services of specialized companies for the removal and / or processing of household waste.

The prohibition of waste incineration in summer cottages, how service employees identify violators, are described in this video.

Having studied the legal aspects, we can say that it is still possible to burn plant waste in the country, but at the same time all the requirements of the fire safety rules established by the Ministry of Emergencies must be observed, and the places for burning must be agreed with the fire service employees ...

How to make a burning stove from a barrel

If you nevertheless decide, having fulfilled all the safety requirements, to independently get rid of plant debris by burning, then for this purpose you can use different structures from the barrel.

How to make a waste incinerator to function as a furnace? This will require, of course, a metal barrel and some engineering skills.

Consider several options for fairly simple designs from barrels used as a waste incinerator.

1. A barrel without a bottom, set on bricks. First you need to prepare the site. To do this, sprinkle sand with a layer thickness of about 10 - 15 cm on a plot of land.
   so on the sand you need to put a sheet of metal, on which the enclosing brick support in the form of the letter "P" is folded. On top of such a support, you need to put a grate. Then you need to install the barrel itself (after removing its bottom) on a brick base. This design of the barrel allows you to lay summer cottage waste through the top, and fire a fire at the bottom, in a brick fence. At the same time, the resulting ash can be removed easily and conveniently. When it rains, it is better to cover such a structure with a lid.
2. Waste incineration drum with drilled bottom. A large number of holes (more than 10) must be drilled at the bottom of the barrel to allow air to enter. For better oxygen penetration and for pouring ash out of the container, attach 4 metal support legs to the barrel. Install the metal grate inward at a height of 15 cm from the bottom of the barrel. At a distance of about 20 cm from the bottom, cut a hole in the container, which serves as a blower. Attach metal hinges to it and reattach it to the barrel so that you get a door with which you can lay firewood and regulate the strength of fire in the container. For convenience, when transferring the structure, handles can be welded to the barrel. A cover must be used to protect it from rain.

The options considered are just some of the barrels used to incinerate accumulated plant waste. The creation of such stoves is limited only by your imagination, and, of course, by safety rules.

About one of the rather simple designs of barrels-stoves, used for burning leaves, branches, dry grass, etc. in the country, they tell in the next video

In addition, some craftsmen use barrels to create stoves for the purpose of heating small spaces. With at least a little knowledge of physics and the necessary tools, you can build, for example, a stove from a barrel of 200 liters (standard volume), which is used to keep warm in a garage or greenhouse.

Pros and cons of incinerating waste in an oven barrel

Each design has its own pros and cons. Of the general advantages and disadvantages, the following positive and negative points can be distinguished.

• stove barrels are mobile, they are easy to move around the garden area;
• allow you to avoid open fire;
• the strength of the fire can be controlled.

• constant exposure of the barrel to high temperatures leads to structural wear;
• the use of stove barrels, even on your own garden plot, is prohibited by law, their constant use is likely to result in the payment of fines;
• this method of disposal of garbage is not environmentally friendly, and also does not provide absolute fire safety.

Do they sell ready-made solutions

In garden tool shops, you can find ready-made incinerators that provide maximum fire safety.
the design and principle of operation, all ready-made solutions are like home-made stoves from barrels. A number of manufacturers install chimneys on their stoves to increase the rate of waste burning. Such containers provide a high rate of waste combustion even in rain (with the upper oven lid closed). The main advantages of purchased stoves over home-made ones are their fire safety and a more aesthetic appearance. One of the disadvantages of store-bought ovens is their high cost.

Burning garbage in a barrel is an easy way to get rid of waste, but far from safe. Substances formed during combustion pollute the environment. It is for reasons of fire and environmental safety that it is forbidden to make a fire in garden plots (open or in a container). But every summer resident has the right to decide for himself whether to deceive the law or not.

vtorothody.ru

Typical designs

There is usually little free space on the garden plot, since the space is occupied by shrubs, trees, outbuildings, and an open fire can easily cause a fire. In addition, a large fire promotes overheating of the soil and the death of beneficial microorganisms.

A special waste incinerator will prevent sparks from falling out, make it easier to collect ashes and leave unsightly scorched spots on the ground. Manufacturers offer various options for such fireproof structures.

A conventional waste incinerator is made of 2mm steel and coated with heat-resistant enamel. Compact dimensions allow you to freely rearrange the oven to the desired place, and, if necessary, load it into the trunk passenger car... Combustion takes place on the grate of the grate, which retains large waste and provides air flow from below.

As it burns through its rods, ash wakes up. The blower door also regulates air intake and combustion intensity. After incineration of waste, an excellent fertilizer - ash can be scooped out through this hole.

The top cover protects the fire from rain and restrains the flames. Vertical loading and large container sizes make incineration in the country quick and easy.

The version of the stove with a chimney increases the intensity of the combustion process by increasing the draft. In such a container, garbage will quickly burn out even in wet weather when the top cover of the oven is closed.

Thus, when choosing a waste incinerator, the following characteristics should be considered.

• weight. The severity of the structure is influenced by the type of metal from which it is made, and the thickness of its walls. The disadvantage of a very light stove can be thin walls that are prone to burnout, and a stove that is too heavy will be difficult to move around the garden area;
• sizes. A bulky waste incinerator will allow you to put bulky branches, long boards and other debris in it. However, the large size of the oven will make it difficult to store and transport it in a car;
• fire safety. A quality container ensures safe incineration of waste, preventing the spread of sparks, flames and the fallout of coals. An operating stove must be located away from trees and buildings, without leaving it unattended;
• convenient cleansing. A hole must be provided in the furnace through which the ash can be scooped out;
• aesthetic appearance. A neat waste incinerator will delight the eye and benefit the owner.

More complex designs

A more complex waste incinerator can be used not only for waste disposal, but also as a heating boiler. It is equipped with a tubular water heater and a vapor vacuum pump that supplies water for heating or domestic needs.

Purification of smoke makes such a boiler environmentally friendly and safe for the atmosphere, since harmful combustion products are absorbed and bound by water in the chimney. A boiler filled with sawn branches, old rags and other household waste will provide the house with heating for a day. Thus, incineration of waste in a special boiler allows not only to clean the area of ​​debris, but also to save fuel.

Homemade

In addition to industrial stoves and boilers, summer residents successfully use homemade devices for incinerating garbage. The simplest oven for waste disposal can be an old metal barrel.

Air supply is provided through holes drilled in the walls and bottom. For better air intake, the structure is placed on bricks. If you remove the bottom of the barrel, you can make an oven in which the waste will burn even faster. The resulting cylinder is installed over a previously dug groove, which plays the role of an air duct.

The waste incinerator has an important advantage - it easily "swallows" long branches and boards.

To make a barrel oven, you need to use a container with thick walls. A thin-walled barrel will not last long, because such iron will quickly burn out.

You can extend the life of the barrel by using a metal insert. Made of thick sheet iron, it protects the thin walls of the furnace from burning out and guarantees a stable draft. An insert 5-6 cm smaller than the diameter of the barrel is installed on the grate of the grate, which provides additional air flow both from below and from above - along the walls of the barrel.

The intensity of combustion can be increased by using a special metal "umbrella" with a valve, which will increase the rarefaction of the air above the firebox. Such improvements in the form of an insert and an "umbrella" gate valve will not only extend the life of the furnace and increase its productivity, but also significantly improve its fire safety characteristics.

Another option for a waste incineration container is a welded structure made of metal corners or reinforcement. It can be made in the form of a rectangle or an inverted truncated pyramid. A 2-3 cm gap between the rods will provide the air flow necessary for combustion.

At the bottom of the stove are grates, through which ash wakes... Such a metal frame is much more durable than a sheet metal oven, however, the large weight will not allow this oven to be freely moved around the territory of the personal plot.

Safety regulations

Whichever oven you decide to dispose of garbage in, you must remember the basic fire safety rules:

• the structure must be installed away from buildings, trees, bushes and dry grass;
• do not burn garbage in windy or hot and dry weather;
• it is important to secure the stove by placing extinguishing agents nearby - water and sand;
• it is necessary to close access to fire for small children;
• be sure to constantly monitor the combustion process.

It is possible to get rid of garbage and other waste by burning in a furnace or boiler only in summer cottages and household plots, observing all fire safety measures.

Setting fire to rubbish, fallen leaves and dry grass in a city is highly damaging to health and is a serious fine and is subject to a fine.

So, last year's leaves, collected in the city during the spring clean-up, contain a large amount of toxic substances accumulated over the winter. Combustion of these wastes is accompanied not only by a pungent smell and smoke screen, but also by the release of carcinogens.

protivpozhara.com

DIY construction of a stove for burning garbage, cooking or decorating a site

In order to choose the right project for the construction of the furnace, they are calculated conditions:

• functions- the main criterion, the type of the selected device, its features will completely depend on it, it is also better to immediately decide whether the furnace will be used only for cooking or carry more decorative function;
• having sufficient places- it is best if the stove is allocated separate territory where it will be convenient to place the device itself, and then put a gazebo or a canopy for relaxation;
• foundation- more compact varieties, for example, a stove under a cauldron will require only a special platform, more overall and heavy devices are provided with a solid foundation;
• budget- depending on the amount of funds, more expensive and high quality, or more economical materials, the dimensions of the stove, decorative elements are also calculated.

After choosing the type of device, it is best to make a detailed drawing, taking into account the dimensions and material costs.

Materials (edit)

Suitable for building a garden oven refractory brick, for economical option used fireclay brick only for laying out the combustion chamber.

The walls of the stove are laid out ceramic brick, you will also need solution from a mixture of fire-resistant cement and sand.

Site preparation

The installation of a garden stove is ideally planned at the same stage as building a house. It is most advantageous to place it next to a terrace for relaxation, a gazebo, or next to a convenient meadow or pond shore, where it will be good to arrange family evenings and relax with friends. The location near the house is the most convenient, as it will save time in the future - it will not be far from bringing food for cooking, fuel, it will be easier to take care of the equipment.

The foundation is made from calculating weight and dimensions... A pit is pulled out, at the bottom of which a cushion of rubble with sand is poured, a formwork and a mesh of reinforcing rods are installed on it. Then the foundation is poured with concrete, left for a week to dry. The resulting platform protrudes above the ground. 10 - 15 cm.

Photo 1. Scheme of preparation of the foundation for an outdoor oven with dimensions and explanations.

Step-by-step instructions for laying the stove. Ordering

Before the beginning recommended lay out the masonry according to the scheme without solution, prepare and cut bricks, mark them - this will greatly facilitate the process of work, help to avoid mistakes. The laying is carried out in the following order:

1. It is laid on a dried-out foundation waterproofing.
2. Laid out according to the scheme base- at the same time carefully monitor the evenness of the rows (check with the building level).
3. Laid out combustion chamber- when using ceramic bricks, two rows are often made - an external ceramic one and an internal one of fireclay bricks. To lay out the device under the cauldron, the bricks are cut according to the scheme in order to obtain the beveled walls of the firebox.
4. Laid out cooking chamber- in models of two-chamber fireplaces.
5. Laid out chimney, in some cases - smoke channels.
6. Very often garden ovens veneer to protect from the effects of bad weather, better seal the seams, and also for decoration.

Photo 2. Layout of masonry from the first to the seventeenth row of a simple oven with one oven and a cutting table.

After completion of construction, the furnace is left dry, after a few days start a little heat- first, only with paper, then more and more increasing the amount of fuel and the heating temperature.

Possible difficulties

When building, especially in case of lack of experience, it is often allowed errors.

• If do not raise the foundation to a sufficient height, the base can be flooded by rain and melt water.
• Wrong location- for example, installation in an area open to the wind may complicate future operation, the fire will be blown out by the wind.
• Using homemade solution made of clay, as for house stoves, masonry seams may suffer from the effects of precipitation, temperature changes - it is better to use special cement-based mixtures.
• To lay out the firebox, a solution based on chamotte clay is required, capable of withstanding a given temperature (depending on the type of furnace). Choosing the wrong mixture will result in cracking of the seams of the combustion chamber.

Most mistakes can be avoided if, before construction, after consulting with an experienced craftsman and performing a carefully calculated drawing.

Useful video

A video that tells and shows how you can fold an outdoor stove with a fireplace, even without a lot of building experience.

Correct use

Using a garden oven requires simple safety rules:

1. do not install device in direct proximity to the wall of the house and other buildings- in case it is unavoidable, take care of correct thermal insulation;
2. do not store flammable liquids and dry fuels in the immediate proximity to the firebox;
3. do not leave children near the device, especially models with an open hearth;
4. clean on time combustion chamber and chimney from ash.

If all the rules are followed, the garden oven for the garden will become a decoration of the site and the place where it will be pleasant to gather on summer evenings for a delicious dinner and a warm atmosphere of friendly communication.

ogon.guru

Furnace types

If you are looking for a garden oven for incinerating trash, then you can use a barrel that is mounted on bricks. To do this, punch or drill holes in the bottom of the container. The same holes must be made in the lower part of the barrel, they must reach the middle of its height.

Next, you need to prepare a base of bricks, leave gaps for air between them. The barrel is installed on a pedestal, and then garbage is placed in it, a fire is kindled inside. Such a homemade waste incinerator can last longer if the walls are reinforced with metal sheets or a smaller container is placed inside. After these parts burn out, they can be replaced with new ones.

Alternative solution: stove from a heater

If you have a sauna stove in stock that you already wanted to scrap, then it can be turned into a waste disposal unit. Even if the structure is out of order, with the help of improvised tools, it will be possible to rid the oven of internal parts. Only the grate and the body should be left.

The interior is reinforced with sheet metal, which should be welded to the base. You can load such an outdoor waste incinerator from above. However, before placing large parts inside, light the flame with dry twigs or paper. During waste incineration, the structure should be covered with a metal sheet, placing a stone so that the smoke can escape.

Brick oven

If you want to make a structure that would last longer, then a brick should be used for manufacturing. The appearance of such a structure will not spoil the exterior of the site. A small garden incinerator can be folded using approximately 115 bricks. If necessary, the parameters of the structure can be increased.

For a start, it's worth preparing the foundation. To do this, an area of ​​70 x 100 cm has to be cleared. The surface is covered with a 5 cm thick layer of sand. The first row is laid without mortar. Between the bricks located along the perimeter of the future structure, a gap of 15 mm should be left. They are needed for traction.

In the first row there will be 8 bricks, one at a time should be placed along the beams, three at the top and bottom. When making a garbage incinerator in the country, at the next stage you can start laying grates or strong rods, the last of which are pre-welded together or connected with wire.

For the construction, which will have the proposed size, three transverse and 14 lobe bars are sufficient. The ash pan can be formed from bricks, made from steel sheet, or filled with a mortar of cement and sand. The second row will consist of 8 bricks, however, two more products should be laid on each side, observing the dressing. Subsequent rows will have small gaps.

The last row should be made solid, a metal cover is installed on top. The square oven can be replaced with a cylindrical one. It is important to provide air gaps for the draft. The master will have to lay the grate, which will be a strong metal mesh or steel reinforcement.

Metal barrel oven

The ideal product for making a recycling oven is an unnecessary metal barrel. With some simple steps, you can turn such a container into a waste incinerator. Although such a design is considered safe, certain rules should be observed during its operation.

Today, many options are known for how to turn a barrel into a waste incinerator. One of them is the removal of the bottom with a chisel or grinder. Several holes are drilled in the lower part, then a shallow hole is dug, the length of which will be 1 m. Its width should be approximately 20 cm. You should go deeper by one bayonet of the shovel.

Before disposal, a fire should be kindled in the pit from paper or dry branches, a barrel is installed on top so that air can freely enter the lower holes. Waste should be deposited into such a waste incinerator gradually. Sawing long branches is not necessary, as they will turn to ash thanks to the good traction.

Barrel furnace upgrade

As practice shows, the best option for making a furnace would be to use an unnecessary barrel. If it is no longer suitable for water storage and use, then it should not be thrown away immediately. In this case, the upper part of the barrel is cut off with a grinder, but not completely. Hinges should be welded to this element and fixed back.

A chimney is welded onto the hole, and small holes will be needed to install the stop and the handle so that the lid does not fall through. In the lower part, cuts should be made and the material bend. Next, you need to make a valve from a sheet of iron and install it in curved sheets.

The waste incinerator is very convenient in the country. A bonfire made inside will be safe. It will only be important to keep an eye on him and load trash from time to time. You can extinguish the flame quite quickly, it will be enough to cover the ditch with earth on both sides, and lay a sheet of iron on the barrel itself.

Ready-made ovens from manufacturers

You can also purchase a waste incinerator in the country in a ready-made form. If you do not want to clutter up the site with unsightly barrels or engage in brickwork, then such devices will be the best solution for you. They consist of a combustion chamber, a box for the accumulation of ash, and a firebox with a grate.

Recycling ovens can be of different shapes:

• square;
• round;
• rectangular.

Outwardly, they resemble airtight containers. The body is usually made of durable steel, which is coated with a fire-resistant enamel. An incinerator from the manufacturer may have additional functions, for example, the ability to heat water. When choosing such a device, you should pay attention to the volume of the combustion chamber. This parameter should be related to the amount of accumulated waste. The safest and most effective models are considered to be with a chimney, since the chimney will remove smoke and intensify combustion.

Safety regulations

The waste incinerator must be used in accordance with safety regulations. The installation of the stove and disposal of waste must be carried out away from vegetation and houses. Kindling is prohibited during extreme heat or wind. Do not install the stove on dry grass, as it can catch fire and spread the fire throughout the area. Access to the incinerator must be limited if there are animals or small children in the country. When burning garbage, it is recommended to stay near the stove, not leaving it unattended.

Conclusion

It is recommended to install a leaky waste incinerator on bricks. For these purposes, a site is selected from which it will be most convenient to collect ash. As a result, it will be possible to get a kind of blower. The holes made in the bottom of the container will act as a grate. As a result, you will receive a ready-made structure that can be used for waste disposal.

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What's the matter

Garbage is generated on any site during the season. This is food waste, various construction scraps, leaves and branches from the garden, tops of old crops. There is no optimal solution to this issue yet, everyone finds a way out according to their strengths and capabilities (see also the article "Washstand for a summer residence: models and characteristics").

But making your site perfectly clean is one thing, and polluting a nearby forest, ravine or moat, turning a good recreational area into a dump is not at all an option and not a solution to the problem. Some "owners" arrange heaps of waste right next to their territories. Down with the site, as they say, and then it doesn't interest me.

Such spontaneous dumps cause irreparable harm to our shaky ecology, large areas turn into spontaneous garbage dumps, emitting a large amount of harmful elements and substances into the surrounding world. Going to the dacha just passing by such a heap is unpleasant, and even to be adjacent and even more so. Although the state prohibits such dumps, it even establishes criminal liability, but this has little effect on the number of garbage mountains that appear.

Barrel as a way out of the situation

The most affordable option for getting rid of litter is to incinerate it. Many gardeners and summer residents dispose of waste in homemade hearths of various designs.

One of the simplest models is an old metal barrel for burning garbage in a summer cottage. Usually they store water for irrigation, and after failure it can be made a kind of incineration center. Then such a device can be easily removed so as not to spoil the appearance.

Process steps:

Advice: do not burn plastic products and containers, they form toxic substances that are hazardous to health.

The advantages of such combustion are undeniable:

• the old barrel won't get any worse;
• the fire is controlled and easily controlled (as long as there is debris, it burns so much);
• extinguish the firebox very quickly - they fall asleep from both sides of the blower, the inlet opening is covered with a sheet of iron.

Having made such a simple device, you can simply and quickly get rid of debris on the site.

Something about safety

1. It is necessary to organize such a hearth away from trees, shrubs, buildings.
2. It is necessary to install the stove and incinerate waste away from buildings, trees and bushes.
3. In windy, dry and hot weather, disposal is not worth it.
4. Protect yourself in advance by preparing sand and water nearby to extinguish a fire.
5. Do not place the oven on flammable materials such as dry grass and boards.
6. Limit the access of small children to the oven.

Advice: never leave a working hearth unattended.

Brick incinerator

If garbage in the dacha appears stably, it makes sense to build a stationary incinerator for burning garbage in the dacha, for which you prepare 115 bricks.

Below is a detailed instruction on the manufacturing process:

1. In the selected location on an area of ​​700 x 1000 mm, make a sand pad 50 mm thick.
2. Put on the second layer - a solid brick layer (halves will do as well).

1. Determine where the ash is to be removed and make it out of a cement-sand mortar (save 20 bricks). Thus, the construction cost will decrease.
2. On this base, lay the first row (odd) - without mortar, the gap between the bricks is 15 mm. Through the holes, thrust will be created in the furnace. In the place of ash removal, one brick is skipped.
3. On the first row, put a grate - reinforcement rods (preferably Ø10 mm) 680 mm long: 14 pieces along the length of the oven. Across 3 rods of 550 mm. The grille is fastened by welding or wire.
4. Make the second row (even) with gaps, into which the ends of the longitudinal bars should fall.
5. Alternating rows, the height of the stove is brought up to 12 floors. Do the latter without gaps. Make a cover on top to protect it from precipitation.

Conclusion

At a summer cottage or suburban area, garbage accumulates at a different pace, but sometimes its amount begins to create difficulties. Therefore, it is worth thinking about how to get rid of it quickly and safely, while not polluting the environment (read also the article "Sofa for a summer residence - what are the most popular options").

In this article, I talked about two ovens - temporary and built, which can solve this problem. The video in this article will help you find additional information on this topic.

The waste incinerator is a small installation for comfortable waste disposal in the country. With such a universal tool, all unnecessary waste can be burned. They use fire to cut down on waste and debris. The entire combustion process takes place at a temperature of about 800 degrees.

Garden ovens

First, I would like to note that today pyrolysis furnaces for waste incineration are in special demand. Many summer residents install them in their plots. The owners of country houses are always faced with the choice of a heating system. Pyrolysis ovens are an excellent alternative to a heating boiler and a good heating method, and in recent years they have become more and more in demand. Pyrolysis furnaces have the following operating mechanism: waste incineration is carried out using solid fuel, therefore, it is customary to refer them to the most economical options today, besides, this is an excellent solution for summer cottages. Moreover, you can make such a stove with your own hands.

Consider several ways to make a garden oven from a barrel:

1. The first version of the device from the barrel

One of the options for such a device is a barrel oven, which you can make with your own hands from a huge container available to any summer resident on a site. A waste furnace was made from the following parts: one barrel for about two hundred liters, the second for a hundred liters. It can be installed on the territory of summer cottages. You can add some novelty to its design with your own hands, which no gardener has yet thought of. the gardener can think of it. For example, to increase heat transfer by means of another container, the walls of which can be heated with the help of hot air vapors going up to the pipe. In another barrel, garbage is burned out. A stainless steel pipe can be made from exhaust from trucks. The pipe is bent in a special way in order to increase the transfer of heat in the room.

1. The second version of a homemade barrel oven

Looking at the old version of the waste incinerator, an idea arises: what if we use the second barrel as an oven? In another model, we made a similar idea into reality with our own hands. The oven, which can also be used for outdoor cooking, is made of three barrels. As shown in the photo below, you can bake anything in one of the barrels.

There is a huge advantage to incinerating garbage in such a container. Firstly, it is convenient, and secondly, it is very safe. For this model, we took a domestic barrel, which holds about two hundred liters. Cut off the top of the container by about 15 centimeters. You can put and burn firewood in the blower, and then throw leaves and other debris through the upper hole. For this model, you can make your own hands and the bottom of the fittings, and a hoop from a barrel is also useful. The bottom is placed on the ledge with your own hands to bring the fire from the wood to the top of the stove. You need to put a cover on top, to which the pipe is attached. You can also easily prepare food on it.

Brick oven

The above-described homemade stoves for burning garbage from a garden plot will not only allow it to be used for its intended purpose, but also burn leaves, chips in a summer cottage and at the same time prepare food. Every gardener can make such a container for incineration of garbage - everything is extremely simple and easy, while it has a lot of undeniable advantages.

Advantages of a garden oven

Consider the main advantages that any garden stove has:

• Complete disposal of waste in the territory of their formation.
• Industrial-scale safety is fully respected in installations.
• Almost any type of waste that can be disposed of with such a container.
• The heat generated by the oven can be used for heating or other purposes.

And now we will consider the principle of operation of such a device for the disposal of summer cottage waste. In order for the oven to function smoothly, there are a couple of points to consider. It is necessary to prepare garbage for subsequent disposal. For this purpose, it is mixed with sand to the required consistency. To carry out such manipulations, you can use a special technique. This moment directly depends on the amount of waste and their type.

It is necessary to calculate the heat that will be needed in order to dispose of some kind of waste. This is done based on the physical characteristics of this waste. That is, if it is ordinary paper or something like that, then you can burn it at a rather low temperature to completely destroy it. And if you need to burn, for example, polyethylene, then you need more heat.

Waste disposal oven

Modern waste furnaces are equipped with an automatic burner, which is the heart of any device, since it is its data that testifies to the technical parameters of the entire system. Thus, automatic burners make it possible to provide constant heating in order to achieve the desired temperature and generate the required amount of heat. In order for the design to be safe, it has seals that are made of stainless steel.

Combined ovens

Many gardeners have probably wondered why a combined oven is needed? Since only a few of the gardeners know the features of such a stove. It should be noted right away that they can be installed in the garden, in the house, in the bathhouse or on the veranda. They got their name, combined, due to the combination of two possibilities: heating and cooking. Due to this feature of the equipment, you can use it to warm rooms at home, as well as prepare food.

Today, such universal options are in special demand, as they have a lot of undeniable advantages. The only negative is its huge size. And, as many have accurately noted, such a device is unlikely to look compact in a small kitchen.

Gas ovens for cottages

Based on the foregoing, I would like to summarize. Today there are a huge number of garden stoves, each of which is distinguished by its indisputable advantages over other options, while such stoves can be made independently from ordinary barrels that can be found in every gardener at their summer cottage.

No less in demand and popular today are stone variants of stoves, which are distinguished by a large assortment. On the territory of our country there are several large factories that produce such wood and other stoves. You can order an individual sketch of the stove, which will only be at your dacha. In addition, you can make a brick oven for a bath yourself if you own a brick masonry. You can also opt for options with long burning that are budgetary and do not need firewood. They can be connected with gas.

Putting things in order on the personal plot, the prudent owner is faced with the need to dispose of plant waste and other garbage. The usual way is to incinerate waste, but making a fire is unsafe for buildings and plantings, as well as harmful to the land. How, then, to "tame" the fire in the garden? The best solution is the purchase of a waste incinerator.

Typical designs

There is usually little free space on the garden plot, since the space is occupied by shrubs, trees, outbuildings, and an open fire can easily cause a fire. In addition, a large fire promotes overheating of the soil and the death of beneficial microorganisms.

A special waste incinerator will prevent sparks from falling out, make it easier to collect ashes and leave unsightly scorched spots on the ground. Manufacturers offer various options for such fireproof structures.

A conventional waste incinerator is made of 2mm steel and coated with heat-resistant enamel. Compact dimensions allow both freely rearrange the stove to the desired place, and, if necessary, load it into the trunk of a car. Combustion takes place on the grate of the grate, which retains large waste and provides air flow from below.

As it burns through its rods, ash wakes up. The blower door also regulates air intake and combustion intensity. After incineration of waste, an excellent fertilizer - ash can be scooped out through this hole.

The top cover protects the fire from rain and restrains the flames. Vertical loading and large container sizes make incineration in the country quick and easy.

The version of the stove with a chimney increases the intensity of the combustion process by increasing the draft. In such a container, garbage will quickly burn out even in wet weather when the top cover of the oven is closed.

Thus, when choosing a waste incinerator, the following characteristics should be considered.

• weight. The severity of the structure is influenced by the type of metal from which it is made, and the thickness of its walls. The disadvantage of a very light stove can be thin walls that are prone to burnout, and a stove that is too heavy will be difficult to move around the garden area;
• sizes. A bulky waste incinerator will allow you to put bulky branches, long boards and other debris in it. However, the large size of the oven will make it difficult to store and transport it in a car;
• fire safety. A quality container ensures safe incineration of waste, preventing the spread of sparks, flames and the fallout of coals. An operating stove must be located away from trees and buildings, without leaving it unattended;
• convenient cleansing. A hole must be provided in the furnace through which the ash can be scooped out;
• aesthetic appearance. A neat waste incinerator will delight the eye and benefit the owner.

More complex designs

A more complex waste incinerator can be used not only for waste disposal, but also as a heating boiler. It is equipped with a tubular water heater and a vapor vacuum pump that supplies water for heating or domestic needs.

Purification of smoke makes such a boiler environmentally friendly and safe for the atmosphere, since harmful combustion products are absorbed and bound by water in the chimney. A boiler filled with sawn branches, old rags and other household waste will provide the house with heating for a day. Thus, incineration of waste in a special boiler allows not only to clean the area of ​​debris, but also to save fuel.

Homemade

In addition to industrial stoves and boilers, summer residents successfully use homemade devices for incinerating garbage. The simplest oven for waste disposal can be an old metal barrel.

Air supply is provided through holes drilled in the walls and bottom. For better air intake, the structure is placed on bricks. If you remove the bottom of the barrel, you can make an oven in which the waste will burn even faster. The resulting cylinder is installed over a previously dug groove, which plays the role of an air duct.

The waste incinerator has an important advantage - it easily "swallows" long branches and boards.

To make a barrel oven, you need to use a container with thick walls. A thin-walled barrel will not last long, because such iron will quickly burn out.

You can extend the life of the barrel by using a metal insert. Made of thick sheet iron, it protects the thin walls of the furnace from burning out and guarantees a stable draft. An insert 5-6 cm smaller than the diameter of the barrel is installed on the grate of the grate, which provides additional air flow both from below and from above - along the walls of the barrel.

The intensity of combustion can be increased by using a special metal "umbrella" with a valve, which will increase the rarefaction of the air above the firebox. Such improvements in the form of an insert and an "umbrella" gate valve will not only extend the life of the furnace and increase its productivity, but also significantly improve its fire safety characteristics.

Another option for a waste incineration container is a welded structure made of metal corners or reinforcement. It can be made in the form of a rectangle or an inverted truncated pyramid. A 2-3 cm gap between the rods will provide the air flow necessary for combustion.

At the bottom of the stove are grates, through which ash wakes... Such a metal frame is much more durable than a sheet metal oven, however, the large weight will not allow this oven to be freely moved around the territory of the personal plot.

Safety regulations

Whichever oven you decide to dispose of garbage in, you must remember the basic fire safety rules:

• the structure must be installed away from buildings, trees, bushes and dry grass;
• do not burn garbage in windy or hot and dry weather;
• it is important to secure the stove by placing extinguishing agents nearby - water and sand;
• it is necessary to close access to fire for small children;
• be sure to constantly monitor the combustion process.

It is possible to get rid of garbage and other waste by burning in a furnace or boiler only in summer cottages and household plots, observing all fire safety measures.

Setting fire to rubbish, fallen leaves and dry grass in a city is highly damaging to health and is a serious fine and is subject to a fine.

So, last year's leaves, collected in the city during the spring clean-up, contain a large amount of toxic substances accumulated over the winter. Combustion of these wastes is accompanied not only by a pungent smell and smoke screen, but also by the release of carcinogens.