Shumilov Leonid Veniaminovich. Shumilov Mikhail Stepanovich. Commander Shumilov Mikhail Stepanovich short biography

25.08.2021Heading: The buildings

Born on November 17, 1895 in the village of Verkhnyaya Techa (Verkhnetechenskoye), Kataysky District, Kurgan Region, into a peasant family.

In 1916, during the First World War, he graduated from the Chuguev military school, received the rank of ensign. He took part in the First World War.

Service in the Red Army before World War II

In May 1918 he joined the Red Army.

During the Civil War, in 1918-1920, he worked his way up from platoon commander to commander of a rifle regiment. He took part in battles on the Eastern and Southern Fronts.

In 1919 he was appointed commander of the 85th Special Rifle Brigade, crossed the Sivash and stormed Perekop.

In 1924 he graduated from the courses of the command and political staff, in 1929 - the courses "Shot".

Participated in hostilities in Spain.

As commander of a rifle corps, he participated in the Soviet-Finnish war of 1939-1940.

The Great Patriotic War

As the commander of a rifle corps from June 1941, he took part in the defense of Leningrad.

Deputy Commander of the 55th and 21st Armies on the Leningrad and Southwestern Fronts (1941-1942)

Commander of the 64th Army, which took part in the Battle of Stalingrad (from August 1942), and in March 1943 transformed into the 7th Guards Army (1942? 1945), which fought on Stalingrad, Donskoy, Voronezh, Stepnoy and 2- m Ukrainian fronts

On October 20, 1943, the commander of the 7th Guards Army, Lieutenant General M. Shumilov, was awarded the military rank of Colonel General.

The title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal to Colonel-General Mikhail Stepanovich Shumilov was awarded by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated October 26, 1943 "for the skillful leadership of military units during the crossing of the Dnieper and the personal courage and heroism shown at the same time." ...

Subsequently, units of the army under the command of M.S.Shumilov participated in the Battle of Kursk, the crossing of the Dnieper, the Znamenskaya, Kirovograd, Yassko-Chisinau, Budapest operations, the liberation of Romania, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia.

After the war

In 1948 he graduated from the Higher Academic Courses at the Higher Military Academy. K. E. Voroshilov.

After the war, he commanded the troops of the military districts:

Belomorsky (1948-1949)
Voronezh (1949-1955)

From 1956 to 1958 he was retired.

Since 1958 - military consultant to the Group of Inspectors General of the Ministry of Defense.

He died in Moscow. Buried in Volgograd, on the Mamayev Kurgan

Political activity

Member of the CPSU since 1918.
Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 3rd and 4th convocations.

Memory

Tombstone on the grave at the Mamayev Kurgan in Volgograd;
Monuments in the cities: Volgograd and Kurgan;
Streets in cities are named after Shumilov: Moscow, Volgograd, Kirovograd, Minusinsk, Kataysk, Belgorod;
In Moscow, on the house where he lived (Leningradsky Prospekt, 75), a memorial plaque was installed;
A memorial plaque was installed in the city of Shadrinsk (stolen in the mid-1990s);
In the Kirovsky district of the city of Volgograd, on the street named after Shumilov, a memorial plaque was installed (General Shumilov street, house 16);
In the Svetloyarsk district of the Volgograd region, a school is named after him.

Awards

Medal "Gold Star" of the Hero of the Soviet Union No. 1495 (October 26, 1943)
3 Orders of Lenin
4 Orders of the Red Banner
two Orders of Suvorov 1st degree
Order of Kutuzov 1st degree (No. 123)
Order "For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR" 3rd degree
medals
foreign orders and medals
Honorary Citizen of the cities: Volgograd, Balti, Belgorod, etc.

Essays

Fortitude 64th. - In the book: Battle of Stalingrad. 4th ed. Volgograd, 1973;
The 7th Guards is approaching. - In the book: Ahead - Kharkov. Kharkov, 1975

Mikhail Stepanovich Shumilov was born into a peasant family on November 5 (17), 1895 in the village of Verkhnyaya Techa, Verkhnetechenskaya volost, Shadrinsky district, Perm province, now in the Kataysky district of the Kurgan region.

He graduated with honors from a rural school, as a result of which he received a zemstvo scholarship to enter a teacher's seminary.

In 1916, he was drafted into the ranks of the Russian Imperial Army, after which he was sent to study at the Chuguev military school, after graduation in 1917 with the rank of ensign he was sent to the post of junior officer of the Kremenchug infantry regiment, in which he took part since March 1917 in the fighting on the Western Front during the First World War.

At the end of 1917 he joined the Red Guard detachment, and in April 1918 he was drafted into the ranks of the Red Army as a volunteer, at the same time he joined the ranks of the RCP (b). He took part in the hostilities of the Eastern and Southern Fronts. As part of the 4th Ural Rifle Regiment, formed in Shadrinsk, he served as a platoon, company and regiment commander. In 1919, he was appointed commander of the 85th Special Rifle Brigade, with which he crossed the Sivash and stormed Perekop.

After the end of the war, Shumilov continued to serve in the army as a battalion commander.

After completing courses for senior and higher command and political personnel in 1924, he was appointed chief of staff of a rifle regiment, and after completing advanced training courses for command personnel "Shot" in 1929, he was appointed commander and military commander of a rifle regiment, in 1933 - to the post chief of staff of a rifle division, and in 1937 - as commander of a rifle division.

While serving as an adviser to the commander of the Army Group of the Central-South Zone, Shumilov took part in hostilities during the Spanish Civil War.

In April 1938, he was appointed commander of the 11th Rifle Corps, stationed in the Belarusian Military District, after which he took part in September 1939 during the liberation campaign in Western Belarus, and then in the Soviet-Finnish war. In July 1940, the 11th Rifle Corps was incorporated into the Baltic Military District.

With the beginning of the war, the corps under the command of Shumilov took part in the defensive operation in the Baltic States. From 23 to 25 June, he took part in a front-line counterattack against the enemy's 4th tank group that had broken through into the area of the Siauliai fortified region. Soon the corps retreated in the direction of Riga and further to Tartu. In July, the corps fought heavy defensive operations on the Pärnu-Tartu line. From 22 to 25 July, the enemy broke through the front line, as a result of which he reached Lake Peipsi and surrounded the corps under the command of Shumilov. By July 30, the corps left the encirclement, after which it conducted defensive operations along the Narva highway.

In August 1941, he was appointed deputy commander of the 55th Army as part of the Leningrad Front, after which he took part in the defense of Leningrad, but in November of the same year he was recalled to Moscow and was at the disposal of the Main Directorate of NCO Personnel.

In January 1942, he was appointed deputy commander of the 21st Army as part of the Southwestern Front, after which he took part in the hostilities in the summer of 1942 in the Kharkov direction and on the Don.

In August 1942, Major General Mikhail Stepanovich Shumilov was appointed commander of the 64th Army, which held back the 4th Panzer Army under the command of Herman Goth for about a month on the distant approaches to Stalingrad, thanks to which industrial enterprises located in the south of the city continued work.

On January 31, 1943, Mikhail Stepanovich Shumilov supervised the interrogation of Field Marshal Friedrich Paulus, captured by the 64th Army at Stalingrad.

By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 26, 1943, Colonel-General Mikhail Stepanovich Shumilov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal for the skillful leadership of military units during the crossing of the Dnieper and the personal courage and heroism of the guards.

The army under the command of Shumilov took part in the Battle of Kursk, the crossing of the Dnieper, as well as in the Kirovograd, Umansko-Botoshansk, Jassy-Kishinev, Debrecen, Budapest, Bratislava-Brnov and Prague offensive operations.

After the end of the war, Shumilov continued to command the army.

In 1947 he was sent to study at the Higher Academic Courses at the Higher Military Academy named after K. E. Voroshilov, after which in 1948 he was appointed commander of the Belomorsk, and in 1949 - the post of commander of the Voronezh military districts.

In 1956, Colonel-General Mikhail Stepanovich Shumilov retired, but in April 1958 he was recruited into the ranks of the Soviet Army and appointed to the post of military consultant to the Group of General Inspectors of the USSR Ministry of Defense.

Colonel-General Mikhail Stepanovich Shumilov died on June 28, 1975 in Moscow. Buried at the Mamayev Kurgan in Volgograd.

Streets in Moscow, Volgograd, Belgorod, Shadrinsk, Kataysk and Kirovograd are named in honor of Mikhail Stepanovich Shumilov.

Memorial plaques were installed on the houses where he lived in Moscow (Leningradsky Prospekt, 75), Shadrinsk and Voronezh, as well as in the Kirovsky District of Volgograd at 16 General Shumilova Street, and on the school building in the village of Verkhnyaya Techa.

Monuments were erected in Volgograd and Kurgan

Our school bears the name of Mikhail Stepanovich Shumilov. In the Svetloyarsk district (Volgograd region) a school was named in honor of Shumilov, and in Kharkov - SPTU No. 18. A bust is installed on the territory of the school, and an annotation board is on the facade of the building.

The Shumilov Cup is held annually between the rugby teams of Belgorod and Volgograd.

Hero of the Soviet Union, Colonel General

... The General is in a hurry. Every now and then he hurries the driver, and the lively "jeep", bypassing the traffic jams on the roads, rushes to the Don. The steppe dust trails behind the car in a black train.
The general withdrew into himself, into his anxious thoughts. Now the "jeep" will take him to Logovsky - the Don farm, where the headquarters of the 64th army, now "his army", took refuge in the green. He will shake off the road dust and introduce himself in a bass voice: "Shumilov".
Only after a short pause will he add in an echoing Ural accent: “I ought to say something about myself, but not the time. Urgent matters await. We will get to know each other in the course of work. "
Then there will be a substantive conversation at the operational card. Acquaintance with the environment. The first calls to the command post of divisions and brigades. The first urgent orders ... Only in the evening, when the July heat subsides and the annoying "messengers" and "frames" subside, in the shade of the trees he will gather the staff of the headquarters. The commander will speak only about the main thing, about what most of all worries the defenders of the Soviet South, the whole party, the whole country. He will talk about Order No. 227, which is destined to become the military mandate of the Motherland of his army.
It was getting dark quickly. From behind the Don came the dull rumble of an artillery firefight. It was the first night on the new front. And that night, the commander did not sleep a wink.

11.11.2005

He was born in the Urals village of Verkhtechenskoye, in the Shadrinsky district of the Kurgan region, 5 years before the onset of the new century. The family of a poor peasant was interrupted, as they say, from bread to kvass. But, despite the difficult conditions that developed in the family after the death of his father, the mother did everything for Mikhail to receive an education. The boy grew up capable of science. He graduated with honors from a rural school and received a zemstvo scholarship to enter a teacher's seminary. I went there with a great desire, apparently considering the teaching profession one of the most honorable. However, he did not manage to finish the seminary - he was drafted into the army.

At first, Shumilov took a course at the Chuguev military school, and in March 1917 he was sent to the front with the rank of a junior officer. There he is caught by the news of the victory of the October Revolution. Without hesitation, he accepts the revolution as his own and remains its faithful soldier to the end of his life. At the end of the same year, Shumilov, as a teacher, was demobilized, and he returned to his native village to do the work for which he was preparing himself. It turned out that the village was ruled by the tsar's henchmen - the foreman and the headman. Shumilov is indignant, tries to establish Soviet power, but the kulaks threaten him with reprisals. Over time, the front-line soldiers returned to the village, filled with the air of the revolution. Led by Shumilov, they establish Soviet power in Verkhtechenskoye.

Then he was sent to surveying courses. Here he joins the party.

His studies had to be interrupted - a Czechoslovak rebellion arose, supported by the reactionary Cossacks and the bourgeoisie. With military experience, Shumilov organizes a volunteer detachment, which soon joins the 4th Ural regiment of the Red Army. The head of the detachment is elected as the company commander. Then he commanded the 4th Ural Regiment, which, under his command, participated in the liberation of Perm, Nevyansk, Shadrinsk and other cities and villages of the Urals and Western Siberia.

In the summer of 1920, the regiment, as part of the 85th Special Brigade, went to the Southern Front to eliminate Wrangel's troops. The regiment is preparing for the assault on Perekop. In the very first battle, Shumilov is seriously wounded. The powerful organism wins, and it returns to the ranks and all its knowledge, experience gained in the battles of the Civil War, devotes to the training of soldiers.

When the fascist threat loomed over republican Spain, M.S. Shumilov is sent there as a military adviser. It is unlikely that he thought that he would soon meet with the fascists who attacked his homeland.

The 11th Rifle Corps, commanded by M.S. Shumilov, on June 22, 1941, entered into battle with the German fascist troops that crossed the state border. Under the onslaught of the enemy, the corps retreats to Leningrad. Here Mikhail Stepanovich was appointed commander of the 55th Army of the Leningrad Front ...

And now a new appointment is the Stalingrad Front. M.S. Shumilov takes command of the 64th Army.

Best of the day

The new commander was faced with a difficult task. The turn of the 4th Panzer Army towards the open flank of the 64th Army put the defenders in a critical position. The enemy counted on the sudden advance of the tank and motorized forces and on the powerful support of the air fleet. This calculation was not groundless. The enemy had in front of him only a rare chain of troops of the 51st Army and the force of his 8 divisions broke through it. After the enemy occupied Kotelnikovo, General Shumilov clearly felt how great the danger was not only for the left flank of the army, but also for the entire rear of the main forces of the Stalingrad Front. At this time, the army's troops had to fight on the Don line and allocate forces to cover the southern direction. It is clear that it was very difficult to manage the hostilities in such an environment. M.S. Shumilov creates a separate task force headed by his deputy Lieutenant General V.I. Chuikov with the task of covering the left flank of the army.

Chuikov's group entered into heavy fighting. Having in its composition 2 small divisions and a marine brigade, it could not hold back the offensive of large enemy forces and was forced to retreat behind the Aksai River with battles. Nevertheless, the group did its job: in the course of the most difficult six-day battles, it attracted more than 3 divisions from the enemy's 4th tank army and thereby weakened its shock group, which was advancing on the main line of our defense.

Subordinates of Shumilov quickly became convinced of his military leadership.

“M.S. Shumilov calmly and deeply analyzed the situation, made thoughtful and bold decisions, defining clear tasks for the troops, and firmly held command in his hands. Usually Mikhail Stepanovich did not experience any difficulties in making decisions. As a rule, he mentally put himself in the place of the enemy, comprehensively assessed his possible plan and, proceeding from this, determined his own. He carried out the decision he made with iron tenacity and did not make changes to it until it was caused by the situation in the course of the battle. And the commander felt the pulse of the battle very thinly. "

This is the testimony of the chief of staff of the 64th Army, General I.A. Laskin, who fought side by side with Shumilov throughout the Battle of Stalingrad. In his description of the commander, not only military leadership, but also human qualities stand out:

“By nature, Mikhail Stepanovich was a tough, straightforward person, he loved business qualities and truthfulness in people, he himself was very hard-working and honest in everything. I do not know of a case that in his reports the army commander embellished the state of affairs or unnecessarily emphasized the complexity of the situation ”(Laskin IA On the way to a turning point. M .: Voenizdat, 1977. S. 266-267).

The peculiarity of the military style of the commander Shumilov was that he knew how, at the right time, to concentrate the main forces of the army in the leading direction to solve the main task. And for this it was necessary to always have reserves.

On August 6, the enemy's 4th tank army still managed to break through on the southern face of the outer defensive circuit and reach the Abganerovo-Tinguta area. By evening, the Nazis occupied the village of Fertile and the 74th kilometer siding. General Shumilov is taking decisive measures to regain lost ground. And here he is rendered a good service by maneuvering reserves and troops withdrawn from non-attacked sectors.

A threatening position was created on the left flank of the army: the enemy had wedged into our defenses. On the right flank, the enemy was not active. Having carefully studied the situation, M.S. Shumilov boldly decides to remove the 204th rifle division and part of the cadet regiments from the right flank, transfers these forces to the threatened area in the crossing area in order to deliver a sudden counterstrike here. In one night, all available reserves and funds were pulled to the steppe patrol. At the direction of the commander of the army, the cadet regiments took up their initial position in the Zeta area, the 204th division of Colonel A.V. Skvortsov - in the area of the Yurkin state farm, the 254th tank brigade was also concentrated there. The 38th Division of Colonel G.B. Safiullina was supposed to firmly hold her positions and prevent the enemy from breaking through to Stalingrad. Thus, the fascist motorized division with more than 100 tanks was essentially in a "sack".

As a result of all-round preparations for the counterstrike, the grouping created by the army commander launched a decisive offensive and within two days defeated the Nazi troops that had wedged into our defenses. In the junction area, up to 60 were knocked out and 40 serviceable tanks were captured. The Nazis were forced to go on the defensive and did not show any more activity in this area. The enemy's plan to reach Stalingrad with a swift blow along the railroad collapsed. The command of the German army group "B" was forced to urgently transfer the tank and infantry divisions from Paulus's 6th army to reinforce Hoth's army.

The deputy commander of the South-Eastern Front, General F.I. Golikov later wrote:

“The commander of the 64th Army, General M.S. Shumilov managed to carry out a strong counterattack on August 9 against units of the 14th tank and 29th mechanized divisions at the 74th kilometer junction, and it was well organized. And it was not easy, since the situation was in a hurry and it was difficult to wait for the necessary concentration of forces and the creation of a certain superiority in a decisive place. However, Mikhail Stepanovich Shumilov held out, showed restraint, prudence and understanding of the situation ”(Stalingrad Epic. M .: Nauka, 1968. p. 295).

First success achieved. The Nazis got it hard. And the army commander is now concerned about a successful counterattack in detail and sensibly to tell all the soldiers of the army, to instill in them the confidence that with the personal courage of each, with the skillful use of their weapons, they are able not only to stop the enemy, but also to defeat him. This requires the greatest endurance, unshakable fortitude, iron military discipline. All those who distinguished themselves in the counterattack were ordered by the army commander to be presented for awards.

For all his outward severity, Shumilov was a man of a big and kind soul. Dozens of letters from veterans, their memories are sure proof of this.

It was hot, and often very hot, at the front, but at the headquarters, the Military Council of the army, the situation was always calm and businesslike. M.S. Shumilov managed to establish good, truly comradely relations with his colleagues. A typical case is described by V.I. Chuikov: “In the evening I decided to return to the army command post, which was located in a ravine ten kilometers east of Zeta.

Near the railway crossing we met an employee of the political department of the army. He said that Shumilov and the entire headquarters were on the phones and looking for me. It was only then that I remembered that I had not called the army headquarters for about ten o'clock.

General M.S. Shumilov, his closest assistants, members of the Military Council Z.T. Serdyuk, K.K. Abramov, chief of staff I.A. Laskin treated me carefully. We somehow quickly found a common language, worked together, harmoniously, showing constant concern for each other. (This situation persisted until the last days of my stay in this army.) And then suddenly they lost me ...

When I entered the dugout, Shumilov, seeing me, shouted loudly: "Here he is, found!" He immediately called the chief of staff of the front and reported to him about my appearance.

Soon a member of the Military Council entered the dugout. I was reproached and scolded, but on their faces I saw undisguised joy. For a long time without receiving news from me, it turns out that they gave instructions to Lyudnikov and other commanders of the units to find me on the battlefield, to find at least a wrecked car. But it so happened that I came back alive and well and in my car (Chuikov V.I. Battle of the century. M .: Sov. Russia, 1975. S. 73-74).

M.S. Shumilov had extensive experience in leading combat operations. But life posed more and more problems for the military leaders. The technical equipment of the troops grew, more powerful new weapons appeared.

The 76th Guards Mortar Regiment operated in the army at the Don line. He proved himself from the best side. More than once, his striking volleys successfully covered the accumulation of enemy tanks and infantry. And in the midst of the August battles, 6 Katyusha regiments arrived in the army at once. Shumilov was extremely happy. "This is what we need now!" - said the army commander and immediately asked one of the specialists to report in detail to the Military Council on the combat capabilities of rocket artillery. After all, before teaching others, one must learn the matter oneself in all the subtleties.

Major General of Artillery P.A. Degtyarev told Shumilov and the Military Council about the state and combat training of the regiment personnel, characterized their commanders and staffs, revealed the methods of combat use of Katyushas and their massive strikes in decisive directions. Shumilov, every now and then asked questions, was interested in how targets were reconnoitered and selected for destruction, at what distance from his troops a volley was fired, what area was covered by a battery, divisional, regimental salvo. Having received exhaustive answers, those present were convinced of what enormous firepower was in the hands of the commander, if, of course, it was skillfully and creatively used in battle.

Shumilov immediately wondered which divisions, standing in the most threatened directions, should be reinforced with guards mortar regiments. The commander's fire reserve, consisting of 3 regiments, is also determined. Then the army commander will meticulously check how the rocket artillery is being used.

Once M.S. Shumilov was informed that 2 enemy columns in armored personnel carriers were approaching the defense sector of the 204th rifle division. “Now I will give the command to the artillerymen. These are the best targets for the Katyushas, the commander quickly decided.

Having received this instruction, the commanders of the guards mortar regiments, Lieutenant Colonels N.V. Vorobiev and L.N. Parnovsky decided to destroy the suitable columns one by one. Soon, fiery trails cut across the sky. The shells accurately covered the targets.

How many such accurate volleys were there during the defense! Some regiments fired 7-8 volleys a day. When offensive battles began - a counteroffensive, encirclement and defeat of the enemy grouping - rocket artillery, by order of the army commander, began to deliver massive strikes in the areas of the breakthrough, crushing enemy fortifications and strongholds.

All this was a component of the military maturity of the army commander, an integral part of his military leadership skills.

For almost a month the 64th Army held back the tank hordes of Hoth on the distant approaches to Stalingrad. The battles were literally for every inch of their native land. The sun was burning hot, the earth was burning from the explosions of bombs and shells, people were choked by dust and fumes, and they were tormented by thirst. But nothing could break the wills of the brave warriors. The Hitlerites paid dearly for every meter of their advance. But our troops also suffered serious losses. In a number of places, the defense was held only by sparse infantry lines. For the army commander, the difficulty was to establish with the greatest accuracy up to what moment it is advisable to hold one or another line of defense and when it should be left in order to move to the next, prepared in advance, with the least losses.

Once, after the war, Shumilov was asked: "Which day of the Battle of Stalingrad do you consider the most difficult and which is the most joyful?"

Mikhail Stepanovich answered the first part of the question as follows: “I would name not one, but two days - the twenty-ninth and thirtieth of August. These were truly "black days" for the entire time of the battle. "

That morning, from the direction of the rising sun, there was a growing rumble of enemy dive bombers. They went wave after wave and brought down the entire load of land mines on the positions of the 126th Infantry Division. Then the artillery struck, and under its "accompaniment" the mobile units of the Nazis went on the offensive. At 0630, the division commander of the 126th Colonel V.E. Sorokin reported on the beginning of the attack of large forces of tanks and motorized infantry. At his command post under the Zetas, the commander replied:

I see it myself. Hold on, dear. There is no other way out. We need to bail out the army. She has already begun to withdraw, and we must not allow Goth to crush us with tanks.

Once we have to, we will stand up to the end, ”Sorokin answered firmly.

At any cost, by all means, contain the tanks. Move them closer and hit them for sure. Cut off the infantry from the tanks - they will not go far without it, - the army commander gave the last instructions.

Shumilov never for a minute doubted either Sorokin or his well-trained and battle-hardened warriors. No wonder the front commander, General A.I. Eremenko called the 126th division the most combat-ready and staunch of the front's formations. Its commander, Vladimir Evseevich Sorokin, has also established himself as a commander of outstanding abilities, a man of great courage. Shumilov relied on him as on himself.

For the second hour, the 126th division fought off the frantic onslaught of the enemy. The defenders themselves go over to a counterattack and throw the enemy back to their original positions. Sorokin reports to the commander about this.

“Well done! I did not expect any other report from you. Hold on for a couple more hours is good, three is even better. Every minute is precious to us ”.

Shumilov sees how an armada of enemy dive bombers reappeared over the positions of the division. They bombed all of her defenses. A new attack began. Some of the enemy tanks burst into the leading edge and began to "iron" the trenches of our infantrymen. The group of vehicles also reached the artillery positions. Our gunners shoot them point-blank. The Nazis fail to break through the division's defenses.

Middle of a day. Shumilov, with great difficulty, manages to contact Sorokin. He reports about heavy losses, about the death of many commanders. His voice is firm. No requests and complaints about fate!

Meanwhile, attacks follow one another. Four enemy divisions, lined up in echelon in a narrow sector, ram the 126th defenses. Everything is on fire and smoke. In positions sheer hell. Messages come one worse than the other. Sorokin was seriously wounded. The chief of staff of the division, all regimental commanders, and many battalion commanders were killed. But the warriors do not retreat a single step. Only after the third strike did a hundred enemy tanks manage to break through the division's defenses and reach the Gavrilovka area by the end of the day. However, this time too, the enemy motorized infantry was cut off from the tanks by those who were still capable of holding weapons. The soldiers of the 126th did not flinch. They completed the task to the end, allowing the main forces of the army to concentrate on a new line.

Many years later, the hand of the army commander will write lines full of heartfelt gratitude to the soldiers of the 126th division: “Years have passed, but that day does not get out of my head. We left our command post, already knowing that the main forces of the army broke away from the enemy, that they were about to catch on to the inner contour and would meet the enemy in an organized manner. And we owe this to the 126th division, the heroic division, whose feat to this day has not yet been fully disclosed. Thousands of unknown heroes must acquire a name ... "(Two hundred days of fire. M .: Voenizdat, 1968. S. 200).

After the war, Mikhail Stepanovich managed to find V.E. Sorokin. He told in a letter about his difficult fate. He recalled how the tanks bypassed the division's command post and opened destructive fire on the dugouts from the rear. Sorokin was heavily wounded by a shell burst and captured by the Nazis. In a letter to Sorokin, the commander wrote:

“Dear Vladimir Evseevich! What joy overcame me to receive a letter from you. Thank you for not forgetting the old man.

Vladimir Evseevich! Before the soldiers of the 126th Rifle Division, I consider myself guilty. All the days of the defense of Abganerovo they fought heroically. On August 29, units of the division suffered heavy losses, and therefore it was withdrawn to the front reserve and did not return to our army. After the defeat of the German fascist troops, the division was not presented by me to the rank of guards. I was sure the front would do it. I haven't checked. This is my fault before the soldiers of the 126th rifle division. My characterization of the division and of you, Vladimir Evseevich, remains unchanged. You did everything you could, and even a little more. Thank you very much for all this!

With deep respect, former commander of the 64th Army, Hero of the Soviet Union, Colonel-General M. Shumilov. "

Units and formations of the 64th Army made their way to a new line under the continuous influence of aviation, in semi-encirclement conditions. But the soldiers and commanders did not lose their composure, a sense of duty and military honor. The fighters who had lagged behind or who had fought back from their units approached the designated points and immediately entered into a new battle. By September 3, the army was entrenched on the Peschanka - Elkhi - Ivanovka line.

The commander in his order speaks of the danger hanging over the city, and warns that the enemy cannot be passed beyond the indicated line in any case. “There is nowhere to retreat,” the order said, “the Volga is behind us. No step back! Better a glorious death than the shame of departure. " And the 64th Army complied with the order. She firmly held the dominant heights in the Beketovka area, reliably covered the Kirovsky and Krasnoarmeisky districts of the city.

Thanks to the resilience of the soldiers of the 64th Army, industrial enterprises and institutions continued to work in the Kirovsky and Krasnoarmeysky districts. The workers, in turn, provided great assistance to the army - they repaired tanks, tractors, cars, mortars, and made bottles with a combustible mixture. The workers of the Krasnoarmeiskaya mill and the bakery supplied the troops and the population with flour, cereals, and bread. Commander M.S. Shumilov was closely connected with the party organization of the city, Kirovsky district. He was present at almost all of their plenary sessions, systematically informed the party activists about the state of affairs at the front, and helped local organizations in every way he could.

Until the last days of his life, Mikhail Stepanovich had a strong personal friendship with the head of the regional party organization, chairman of the city defense committee A.S. Chuyanov. In turn, Aleksey Semenovich highly appreciated Shumilov's party and military qualities.

“You can always rely on such a person,” said A.S. Chuyanov. - His word was never at variance with the deed. I was always amazed by his self-control, composure, high personal courage. And one more thing: availability, proximity to people. Therefore, his authority in the army, among the inhabitants of the city was unusually high. "

In mid-October, battles within the city became particularly fierce. Having received reinforcements, Paulus threw large forces against the 62nd army cut into parts. True to the principles of military brotherhood, the 64th Army provided assistance to its heroic neighbor with frequent counterattacks, daring night sorties, fire raids by Katyushas and artillery. But his position worsened every day, and the Headquarters and the front demanded that Shumilov urgently launch a counterattack from the Kuporosnoye area. For this, the fresh 7th Rifle Corps of General S.G. Goryacheva.

The 7th Rifle Corps was thoroughly prepared for battle. All three of its brigades are manned by brave sailors from the Pacific Fleet ships and Far Eastern border guards.

On October 25, after artillery preparation, the 7th corps went over to the attack. On the move, his units captured the first and second trenches. However, further progress has slowed down. The enemy brought in aviation and began to counterattack. Unsuppressed German firing points revived. Affected by the insufficient number of guns - only 30-40 per kilometer of the front. But will you stop the sailors? Throwing off their greatcoats and putting on pea jackets, peakless caps, they fearlessly rushed at the enemy. Shumilov, observing this picture from his command post, will say: “These are sailors stubborn people. You won't be lost with them! "

By evening, the corps had advanced 1-1.5 kilometers.

The next day, the offensive continued with increased enemy resistance. During the fighting, which lasted from October 25 to November 3, the army's troops advanced only 4-5 kilometers. They failed to connect with the 62nd Army. But the task - to draw off the forces and means of the enemy - was accomplished. And this was of great importance: in the center of Stalingrad, the attacks of the fascists weakened. The second task was also fulfilled - the enemy aviation paid all its attention to the counterattack in the Kuporosnoye area and almost did not fly over the positions of the 57th and 51st armies, where there was a covert concentration of reserves, an offensive was being prepared.

In his memoirs, Marshal of the Soviet Union G.K. Zhukov assessed the significance of the counterattack inflicted by the 64th Army in the area of Kuporosnoye: “... the offensive of the Don Front and the counterstrike of the 64th Army eased the difficult situation of the 62nd Army and thwarted the enemy's efforts aimed at capturing the city. Without this help, the 62nd Army would have been finished off and the city of Stalingrad, possibly, would have been taken by the enemy "(Battle for Stalingrad. Volgograd: Nizh.-Volzh. Pr. Publishing house, 1973, p. 28).

Like other military leaders, Shumilov, in the strictest secrecy, prepared the troops for the upcoming counteroffensive. He presented his views on organizing the offensive at a meeting that took place on November 10 in Tatyanka, at the command post of the 57th Army in the presence of representatives of the Headquarters - Generals G.K. Zhukov and A.M. Vasilevsky. The decision made by Shumilov was approved. The representatives of the Headquarters were especially interested in the political and moral state of the troops, their readiness to go over to the offensive and to completely defeat the enemy grouping. After all, it was not battles to improve positions that began, but a big offensive. The motto "Not one step back!" was replaced by the motto "Forward, to the West!".

Knowing about the fighting qualities of the commanders subordinate to him, about the boundless dedication of the soldiers of his army, M.S. Shumilov reported with confidence that the troops were ready for the offensive. He also said that the order of the offensive and the issues of interaction between the combat arms have been worked out.

The way all this happened is reproduced in his memoirs by the commander of the 38th rifle division G.B. Safiullin.

“... Commander General Shumilov conducted reconnaissance with us, division commanders. It was only then that I heard the words from him that excited all of us: “Until now, we were fighting defensive battles,” said the army commander. - And they led well. But it is not a century to sit still, someday it is necessary to attack. If you and I do not study, then we will forget everything, including how to break through the enemy fortifications. " And he demanded a thorough exercise with the commanders of regiments, battalions, companies and staff officers to break through the enemy's defensive positions.

We did it with great inspiration. True, at first, in a narrow circle, they thought everything over, weighed it, made a plan. I reported all this to the commander. He approved of our work and warned: “You will receive a battle order soon. Do not delay the preparatory work. I give permission to relocate it to another place. "

We understood what this means. The holiday that we have all been waiting for has finally come to our street, not in a figurative, but in a literal sense. We're going forward! "

64th Army struck with its right flank. The blow fell on a height of 128.2, which passed from hand to hand more than once and was a very tough nut to crack. Shumilov drove up to the command post of the 38th Infantry Division at a time when there was a discussion of how to take this height: either bypass or hit in the forehead. Shumilov, having listened to all the considerations, made a decision: to bring up as much artillery as possible, "Katyusha" and level this height with the ground.

A hazy, misty morning on November 20, 1942. It's time to start artillery barrage, but the fog does not dissipate. Then he sprinkled snow in large flakes. Neither the enemy nor the neighbors can be seen. Shumilov and all those gathered at his command post are worried, every now and then they call the weather service. Front commander A.I. Eremenko also worries Shumilov with calls:

How is your visibility?

Continuous haze. It is impossible to advance ...

Will wait...

Only at 1330 hours several hundred guns and Katyushas hit the height of 128.2. Like a fiery tornado raging on her. Many saw such a massive artillery strike for the first time. Powerful fire broke a gap in the enemy's defenses, and infantry rushed into it. Neither snow, nor a storm, nor frost, nor the desperate resistance of the enemy could weaken the high offensive impulse of our soldiers. On November 23, the advance units of the advancing fronts closed the encirclement around the enemy's Stalingrad grouping.

The Volgograd Defense Museum exhibits numerous awards of Colonel-General M.S. Shumilov: three orders of Lenin, four - the Red Banner, two - Suvorov I degree, the Order of Kutuzov I degree, the Red Star, 12 foreign orders, dozens of medals. Due to his modesty, Mikhail Stepanovich, even in a narrow family circle, did not talk about his merits and awards. But about one order - Suvorov I degree - he somehow responded very warmly. He was awarded it during the final battles in Stalingrad. Only a few Soviet commanders by that time were awarded this award.

The first military leader's award, of course, is memorable. According to the status, the Order of Suvorov I degree could be awarded to commanders of fronts and armies and other military leaders for leading battles and battles in which outstanding victories over the enemy were achieved. And the fact that Mikhail Stepanovich received this order even before the end of the Battle of Stalingrad was seen as a recognition of his high military art.

In this regard, the words spoken by the former commander of the troops of the Stalingrad and South-Eastern fronts, Marshal of the Soviet Union A.I. Eremenko about the 64th Army and its commander: “... the 64th Army under his command played an exceptionally large role in the Battle of Stalingrad. Her stubbornness and activeness in defense, her maneuverability and mobility on the battlefield caused the enemy a lot of trouble, inflicted great damage on him, overturned many enemy calculations, helped to disrupt more than one of Hitler's scheduled seizure of Stalingrad. While advancing in the sector of the 64th Army, Goth, as they say, broke off his tank "wedges". The army managed to hold in its hands the heights located south of Stalingrad, which played a significant role in the stability of the defense of the city as a whole.

Major General Mikhail Stepanovich Shumilov is a man of great soul, with a great military and political outlook, strong will and high exactingness; all these were remarkable qualities characteristic of a Soviet military leader. Comrade Shumilov was good at organizing a battle, the interaction of the combat arms in it, and he firmly held control in his hands. Under no circumstances did he panic.

His reports on the situation during the Battle of Stalingrad were always exhaustive and objective, and his bold, clear decisions were comprehensively thought out and spoke of a high operational culture.

He built his relationship with his subordinates on harsh but fair exactingness and fatherly concern for their needs. I remember how, in especially difficult moments, he said in a calm basque: "We are not losing heart, Comrade Commander, I ask you not to worry about us, we will complete the task."

This confidence of the commander was passed on to every soldier in the army. The soldiers of the army steadfastly defended the Stalingrad land, they really fought to the death ”(A. I. Eremenko, Stalingrad. M .: Voenizdat, 1961, pp. 167-168)

But what was the happiest day for the army commander? M.S. Shumilov answered this question as follows: "On January 31, 1942, when Paulus sat in front of me, the first field marshal of the Hitlerite army, taken prisoner by the Red Army - more precisely, the 64th Army."

It is worth remembering the events of this day.

The day before, the army commander learned that the headquarters of Paulus's 6th Army was in the southern group of forces, which was being finished off by the 64th in collaboration with other armies. The scouts have established that the headquarters and the commander of the 6th Army Paulus are in the basement of the department store on the Square of the Fallen Fighters. Shumilov immediately decides to create a mobile detachment of tanks, motorized infantry of the 38th brigade of Colonel I.D. Burmakov and the 329th Engineering Battalion. These forces should block the department store.

“Lay it like this,” commander I.D. Burmakov, - so that the mouse could not slip through! "

This insistent demand was explained by the fact that the front, having learned from M.S. Shumilov on the whereabouts of Paulus, demanded that the commander-64 do everything to take Paulus alive. Shumilov was told: "You answer with your head for Paulus and his chief of staff Schmidt."

The first of the Soviet officers to penetrate into Paulus's headquarters was the chief of the brigade's reconnaissance, Senior Lieutenant F.M. Ilchenko. Soon he reported to Colonel Burmakov by radio that the enemy had agreed to negotiate surrender. Burmakov immediately reports this message to Army Commander Shumilov.

“I will be on the phone all the time,” Shumilov said. “Keep me informed about the progress of the negotiations”.

From that moment until the end of the negotiations, or rather, until the capture of the field marshal and his headquarters, the army commander held the threads of leadership of this unusual operation in his hands. Here Burmakov reports that General Roske, the commander of the southern group, conveyed Paulus's request to negotiate only with representatives of the army or the front. He also asks for a cease-fire order for the duration of the negotiations. Shumilov replies that such an order will be given and that representatives of the army headquarters, Colonel Lukin, Lieutenant Colonel Mutovin and Major Ryzhov are sent to the department store for negotiations, followed by the chief of staff of the army, Colonel Laskin, who will present an ultimatum to the Nazis about surrender.

One of the participants in the capture of Paulus, Lieutenant Colonel B.I. Mutovin said: “Sending us as responsible envoys to negotiate the surrender of the troops and the headquarters of the 6th German Army, Army Commander M.S. Shumilov gave us extremely clear instructions: “We must take all precautions and at the same time show persistence and, if you like, diplomatic intelligence to take Field Marshal Paulus alive. I repeat - alive. "

This recommendation of the army commander was strictly observed, and at 12 o'clock on January 31, 1943, the captured field marshal appeared before Shumilov. With great skill, the commander conducted the interrogation, which was written in sufficient detail in the military and memoir literature.

Later, on the day of the 30th anniversary of the Stalingrad victory, Mikhail Stepanovich was asked:

Field Marshal General, captured by the 64th Army, has left. Silence fell over the ruins of Stalingrad. What thoughts and feelings possessed you at these moments?

I thought it over, - answered M.S. Shumilov, - that the most difficult thing is over. There will be tens and hundreds of fierce battles, but it won't be harder. After all that we have experienced, we also became stronger in spirit, smarter. The enemy is now in front of us - beaten, thoroughly beaten. We all felt it. It’s a big deal to feel your moral superiority over your opponent. Even three decades later, you catch yourself on the fact that at Stalingrad we did more than we could. How was the human heart able to withstand an unprecedented struggle in fierceness? Linger on a narrow strip of land and say: not a step back! And not to leave this land ... Only strong-minded people could do this, endlessly believing in their victory, in their ideas, in their great people, in their native party.

The battle path of the general and his army ran from the Volga to Prague. Having become the 7th Guards after the Battle of Stalingrad, she led by Shumilov smashed the German fascist invaders in the steppes of Ukraine and the Carpathians, participated in the liberation of Romania, Hungary, Austria, Czechoslovakia. For the successful crossing of the Dnieper, the army commander was awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

After the end of World War II, Mikhail Stepanovich commanded the Belomorsky (1946-48) and Voronezh (1948-55) military districts, remained in combat until the end of his days. The courageous, strong-willed, beloved by the people, the military leader was elected an honorary citizen of the city by the residents of Volgograd, Belgorod, Shebekino, Balts, his native village of Verkhtechenskoye, as well as their Bratislava.

Returning in his memoirs to past battles, Mikhail Stepanovich invariably called Stalingrad in the first place. The hero city on the Volga has always lived in his heart.

“... The farther we went from Stalingrad, - wrote Shumilov, - the more we thought about it, constantly returned to memorable battles, drawing strength from them for new battles, more than once we remembered wonderful comrades - Stalingrad workers, leaders of party and Soviet organizations whose love, concern for our needs, the extraordinary responsiveness of the entire population warmed our souls, poured new strength into us ”. (Two hundred days of fire. P. 202).

Memory does not age ... The Volga hero, a city that has withstood the fire of the battle of the century, remembers and honors its heroic defender, the famous commander. Mamaev Kurgan received the ashes of General M.S. Shumilova. Mikhail Stepanovich's last request - to bury him next to his soldiers who fell on the Stalingrad soil - was fulfilled. People go to Mamayev Kurgan in an endless series, bow low to all those who saved humanity from the brown plague, who won the Great Victory. They worship him, the glorious son of the Urals, for whom this city on the Volga became a second home.

Memory does not age ... It is difficult to find in the Volgograd region, in the city itself, a person who would not know the name of Mikhail Stepanovich Shumilov. A new generation of Russian patriots is being brought up on his courage and heroism, on courage and selfless dedication.

(17. 11. 1895 - 28. 6. 1975)

NS umilov Michael Stepanovich- Commander of the 7th Guards Army, Lieutenant General. Born on November 17, 1895 in the village of Verkhnyaya Techa, now in the Kataysky district of the Kurgan region. Graduated from the teachers' seminary.

In the army since 1916. In 1916 he graduated from the Chuguev military school. Member of the 1st World War, warrant officer.

Member of the Civil War; platoon, company and rifle regiment commander on the Eastern and Southern Fronts. In 1919 he was appointed commander of the 85th Special Rifle Brigade. Together with her, he crossed the Sivash and stormed Perekop. In 1924 he graduated from the courses of the command and political staff, in 1929? courses? Shot ?.

He took part in the hostilities in Spain as an adviser to the commander of the Army Group of the Central-South Zone.

Member of the Soviet-Finnish War of 1939-1940 as commander of a rifle corps.

On the fronts of the Great Patriotic War from June 1941 as commander of a rifle corps; participated in the defense of Leningrad. Then he commanded the 55th and 21st armies (Leningrad and Southwestern Fronts). Since August 1942? commander of the 64th (from May 1943? 7th Guards) Army. 64th Army under the command of Lieutenant General Shumilova for almost a month it held back the 4th Panzer Army of Gotha on the distant approaches to Stalingrad. Thanks to the steadfastness of the soldiers and officers, as well as the thoughtful and bold actions of the army commander in the south of Stalingrad (now the Kirovsky and Krasnoarmeisky districts of Volgograd), industrial enterprises continued to operate. The further part of the army under the command Shumilova participated in the Kursk battles, the crossing of the Dnieper, Kirovograd, Jassy-Kishinev, Budapest operations, the liberation of Romania, Hungary, Czechoslovakia.

Z the Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal Michael Stepanovich Shumilov awarded on October 26, 1943 for the skillful leadership of military formations during the crossing of the Dnieper and for the personal courage and heroism shown at the same time.

In 1948 he graduated from the Higher Academic Courses at the Military Academy of the General Staff. He commanded the troops of the White Sea (1948-1949) and Voronezh (1949-1955) military districts. In 1956-1958 Colonel General Shumilov M.S. ? retired. Since 1958? in the Group of Inspectors General of the USSR Ministry of Defense. Elected deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 3rd and 4th convocations.

Lived in Moscow. He died on June 28, 1975. Buried in Volgograd, on the Mamaev Kurgan. He was awarded 3 Orders of Lenin, 4 Orders of the Red Banner, 2 Orders of Suvorov 1st Class, Orders of Kutuzov 1st Class, Red Star,? For service to the Motherland in the USSR Armed Forces? 3rd degree, medals, foreign awards. Honorary Citizen of the cities of Volgograd (May 4, 1970) and Bratislava (Slovakia).

A street in Volgograd is named after him. In Moscow, on the house where he lived (Leningradsky Prospekt, 75), and in Shadrinsk, memorial plaques have been installed.

Compositions:
Fortitude 64th. ? In the book: Battle of Stalingrad. 4th ed. Volgograd, 1973;
The 7th Guards is approaching. ? In the book: Ahead? Kharkov. Kharkov, 1975, etc.

Additional links:

Shumilov

Leonid Veniaminovich

Colonel General, President of TVT Stroyinvest, Laureate of the USSR Council of Ministers Prize, Honored Builder of the RSFSR, Doctor of Technical Sciences

The military construction complex has trained many great leaders and organizers of construction projects. Among this galaxy, Leonid Veniaminovich Shumilov occupies a special place. He combines the talent of an engineer and a scientist. He started in Severomorsk, where all the infrastructure was done under his direct supervision. Serious and complex tasks fell on his shoulders when he headed Glavstroyprom. And then, when he became the first deputy deputy minister of defense, Marshal N.F. Shestopalova. The entire complex of the most difficult tasks that had to be performed by military builders using the Buran system were impeccably solved under the leadership of Leonid Veniaminovich. An interesting fact is that it was L.V. Shumilov became the ideologist of the revival in the USSR of the manufacture and use of glued wooden structures. Leonid Veniaminovich Shumilov is a man of high culture, great endurance, self-control and respect for people.

Born on March 25, 1935 in the city of Leningrad. Father - Shumilov Veniamin Nikolaevich (1906-1978). Mother - Shumilova (Voskresenskaya) Maria Nikolaevna (1909-1981). Wife - Shumilova (Koryushkina) Lyudmila Dmitrievna (1934-2001). Daughters: Los Tatyana Leonidovna (1956-2013); Khazanova Natalia Leonidovna (born in 1959). Grandchildren: Gaidanskaya Tatyana Vladimirovna (born 1979), graduated from the Financial Academy; Khazanov Leonid Aleksandrovich (born 1984), Master of Management, graduated from the State Academy of Management; Khazanov Evgeny Aleksandrovich (born in 1988), graduated from the Law Faculty of the University of Bonn. Great-grandchildren - Polina (born in 2004), Matvey (born in 2013), Alisa (born in 2016), Miron (born in 2018).

Leonid Shumilov is a hereditary builder. His paternal grandfather once built churches in the city of Veliky Ustyug. His maternal grandfather, Nikolai Ivanovich Voskresensky, from a family of hereditary priests, served in the church of the Mariinsky Palace, where the administration of St. Petersburg is now located.

My father also chose the profession of a builder. According to friends, he was a very talented person, but his marriage to the daughter of a priest, who was repressed in 1937 and spent 6 years in prison, prevented him from getting a higher education. After graduating from a construction college, throughout his construction career, he worked at the Stalin Leningrad Plant (later named after the XXI Party Congress), becoming the head of a construction shop. With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the father went to the front, and the mother with three children was evacuated from besieged Leningrad to Vologda. In 1943, after being seriously injured, his father was demobilized and the family was reunited. In Vologda, Leonid studied at the oldest school in the city, which is more than 150 years old. At one time, filmmakers, the Vasiliev brothers, and the People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs V.M. Molotov. In 1952, after Leonid graduated from high school, the family returned to Leningrad.

Unlike his grandfather and father, Leonid then did not feel a special craving for the construction sciences, but nevertheless decided to enter the Higher Engineering and Technical School of the Navy, thus continuing the family tradition. Studying at the school was not easy: the teaching staff was very strong, and the requirements for the cadets were tough. However, Leonid Shumilov, who graduated from school with a silver medal and was well versed in the exact sciences, studied successfully. In 1957, he became a certified military builder, and already in 1958 he headed one of the construction sites in the city of Polyarny, linking his fate with the Northern Fleet for two decades.

At first he worked as the head of a construction site (1958-1962), then head of a department (1962-1969), head of Spetsstroy-700 on Novaya Zemlya (1969-1972), chief engineer (1972-1975), and in 1975 he headed the construction department Northern Fleet.

The scale and scope of work is evidenced by the fact that L.V. Shumilov, there were almost 56 thousand people. It was a period of massive rearmament and the transition from diesel submarines to nuclear submarines, the appearance of the first aircraft-carrying cruiser Kiev, new aircraft, and as the head of the Severovoenmorstroy, he had a chance to supervise the construction of many large facilities and build new cities on the Kola land.

Remembers L.V. Shumilov:

“I served in the north for twenty years. Arrived as a graduate of the Higher Engineering and Technical School of the Navy in the city of Polyarny and in 1958 began his career as the head of a construction site.

I started with a purely peaceful bakery. However, I was soon assigned the construction of two serious underground storage facilities: one for torpedoes, the other for ship missiles. The objects spanned 14 meters, the work was carried out in rocky ground, the level of mechanization was very low, and many of the work had to be done manually. I remember my mechanic installing welding machines, connecting electric motors and generators from decommissioned submarines. The simplest mechanisms were made from scrap materials at hand. We worked around the clock.

With the onset of the Cuban missile crisis, the urgent construction of missile silos began; this was generally the first experience in the construction of such structures.

By the way, with my active participation, the settlement of Guba Yagelnaya - now Gadzhievo, the base of nuclear submarines of the Northern Fleet - was developed. A modern settlement was created here, which included a hospital, a school, a nursery, a kindergarten and even a maternity hospital. This base played and still plays an important military role - NATO members, in impotent rage, christened it "hornet's nest."

I would like to note that immediately after the Great Patriotic War, all the bases of the Northern Fleet were located inside the Kola Bay, but the active development of the Arctic coast gradually began. In 1960-1970, there was a breakthrough in the arrangement of bases, so, for example, the financing of construction work doubled in just a year ”.

One of the most important, complex and at the same time interesting objects was the mooring front for basing nuclear submarines in Gremikha, which were to be built on a place where there were only rocks and hills. The whole cycle of work, which included the development of a stone quarry, filling a dam 1200 meters long, filling the roots of floating heavy berths and concreting their root part, was allotted only 6-7 months. This dictated the most severe rhythm and organization of work. The berths were installed, the territory was formed, and the dredging of the water area was done on time. Over the years of work in the Northern Fleet in the formation of L.V. Shumilov as a leader, a man of difficult fate, a talented engineer and leader, Deputy Commander of the Northern Fleet, Lieutenant General Boris Stepanovich Fulik played an important role.

Remembers L.V. Shumilov:

“I have always felt the support of Boris Stepanovich Fulik, a wise and benevolent person with a difficult fate.

Until May, we managed to install two floating berths and the minimum amount of coastal equipment. At the same time, we completed the necessary dredging. One submarine and one floating barracks were moored at the berths.

I remember how the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union Sergei Gorshkov, got acquainted with the object. He was a strong-willed, demanding, strict person. Sergei Georgievich attached great importance to this construction site.

When we met the Commander-in-Chief at the Severomorsk-1 airfield, he said: “They say you built it here. We leave at 21:00 on a large anti-submarine ship. " We arrived at the BOD in Gremikha, he was told that breakfast was served in the Officers' House, but he refused and ordered us to go to Ostrovnoy to watch the new mooring front. Sergei Georgievich stood at the dam for a long time and expressed the idea that an airfield could also fit here (it was very difficult for servicemen and their families to get to Gremikha).

Then our whole group slowly walked these 1200 meters. The commander-in-chief, reaching half of the dam, asked me: "Who directly commands the construction of the facility?" - I answered: "Lieutenant Colonel Petrov Boris Grigorievich." - He asked the adjutant for a gold watch and handed it to Petrov. General Fulik and I received thanks. In the future, the Commander-in-Chief gave me very difficult tasks, apparently, and Gremikha remembered him. "

Another object that will be remembered for a lifetime, in the construction of which Leonid Veniaminovich had a chance to take a direct part, was the main object of the missile attack warning system. Unique was not only the object itself, each antenna of which reached 500 meters, but also the construction technology. Over 6 thousand people took part in the construction at one time, and the famous academician, Hero of Socialist Labor A.L. Mints, who lived at the facility.

Remembers L.V. Shumilov:

“The construction of a radar station near Olenegorsk (near Murmansk) was in many ways unusual, the project was experimental. It was the first object of the Dnestr-M missile attack warning system in our country. Its creation made it possible to confidently control outer space to warn of a missile attack from the West and Northwest directions.

The construction was very large-scale in volume: two antennas, five hundred meters long, the main data processing unit, and a command post. More than 6 thousand workers worked around the clock, seven days a week.

The importance attached to the construction can be judged by this fact - a house was built for the chief designer of the early warning radar stations, academician Alexander Lvovich Mints, and he was in Olenegorsk all the years while construction was underway, delving into all the details and subtleties of the facility being built.

Fate presented me with an amazing gift - almost every day I talked with Alexander Lvovich and with famous people who came to him. I remember going into his office, and there - Georgy Baidukov, the legendary second pilot of the crew of Valery Chkalov. Georgy Filippovich at that time was a Colonel-General of Aviation and headed the 4th Main Directorate of the Ministry of Defense, which was dealing with air defense problems.

Quite often, an outstanding builder flew to the siteXX century, Deputy Minister of Defense of the USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor, holder of seven Orders of Lenin, General Alexander Komarovsky. Living legend: in the pre-war years he built the Moscow Canal, during the Great Patriotic War he commanded the 5th Sapper Army.

By the way, at that time Olenegorsk had not only a military purpose - our "air gate" to Cuba ran here. In those years, at the suggestion of the United States, planes with the leaders of the Island of Liberty were not allowed by Western countries over Europe. So the Cubans flew to Moscow and back through the Kola Peninsula. "

In 1978, Colonel L.V. Shumilov was transferred to the Black Sea Fleet, taking the post of deputy fleet commander for construction. Here he worked until 1981.

In contrast to the Northern Fleet, where the construction of strategic objects predominated, in the Black Sea Fleet the basis of work was sanatoriums and rest homes, the construction of which was, first of all, requirements for their aesthetic quality. Among them were sanatoriums in the Crimea, Gurzuf, the Frunze sanatorium and many others. Along with this, many secret objects had to be built, which, according to their specifics, could only be located on a warm sea.

An excerpt from Chapter 7, Part II of the book "Design Organization of the Black Sea Fleet (1920-1996)":

“Of the last deputy commanders for construction, the brightest personality was Leonid Veniaminovich Shumilov. He arrived from the Northern Fleet, where he went through all construction positions to the head of the Northern Fleet's Directorate, very quickly got acquainted with the sites and construction projects at the Black Sea theater, resolutely took control of all affairs. High exactingness, along with help, relentless control, immediately had a positive effect on the construction of facilities, among which there were those that, for a number of reasons, did not move towards commissioning.

For example, treatment facilities of a naval liquid fuel storage facility. Only his tight control, weekly planning meetings at the facility and appropriate assistance made it possible to enter this important facility for the fleet. During the first six months of his tenure of the ZKChF, Leonid Veniaminovich hit the mileage that other ZKChF did in six years. And later, he regularly flew and visited all the garrisons and construction sites, especially those where the business was stalled, on a regular basis. "

In 1981, a very important stage began in the life of Major General Shumilov, both in his professional career as a civil engineer and in his activities as an organizer of military development. On the initiative of Marshal of Engineering Troops N.F. Shestopalov, he was recalled from the Black Sea Fleet and approved as head of the Main Directorate of the Construction Industry, which, in fact, was the industrial base of the Ministry of Defense.

Marshal N.F. Shestopalov was for L.V. Shumilov is a kind of guiding star. He managed to notice him in time as a professional engineer and leader of a large scale and entrusted him with more and more important tasks. The rest depended on L.V. himself. Shumilova. The department represented a diverse organization that included over 160 enterprises in both the extractive and manufacturing industries. Glavk produced tower cranes, construction equipment, sophisticated electrical equipment, ceramics, metal and wooden prefabricated prefabricated structures for various purposes. The range of equipment produced required delving into each industry. The work required L.V. Shumilov of the strictest technological discipline and responsibility. And he coped with this brilliantly.

Remembers L.V. Shumilov:

“It was easy to work with the Deputy Minister of Defense for Construction and Quartering - Marshal of the Engineering Troops Nikolai Fedorovich Shestopalov, I received full independence in decision-making, support in all matters, and practical advice. Nikolai Fedorovich passed this position and perfectly understood all my difficulties. You could argue with him, insist on your opinion. The personnel policy pursued by Nikolai Fedorovich made it possible to create a very flexible, efficient apparatus that practically solved all the tasks set for the Ministry of Defense in the field of construction.

Thanks to Nikolai Fedorovich Shestopalov, I went through an excellent school, learned to build relationships with senior leaders in the center and in the field, with the leadership of the state. "

L.V. continued to lead the career ladder. Shumilov up. In October 1985, already in the rank of lieutenant general, he was appointed first deputy chief of construction and quartering of the USSR Ministry of Defense. One of the main directions in its activity is the creation of the space ground complex "Energia-Buran".

Still, being the head of the Main Directorate of the Construction Industry of the USSR Ministry of Defense, L.V. Shumilov often visited Baikonur, since the factories under his subordination carried out the supply and installation of equipment necessary for the construction. He was well aware of the objects under construction, as well as the problems associated with their construction. Nevertheless, life posed very difficult questions every day, which had to be resolved on the spot. And no room for error.

Indeed, almost everything that was built at Baikonur was the largest, was made for the first time in the Soviet Union and sometimes had no analogues in world practice: the largest cold plant, the largest oxygen-nitrogen mining plant, the largest dynamic test bench with a height of more than 100 meters , a unique runway, a "blind" plasma landing system, construction of launches, technical positions. All this made the task of the builders very difficult, both in essence and in terms of the tight deadlines for the construction and installation work in the creation of the entire ground complex. Next to such brilliant designers as V.P. Barmin, V.P. Glushko, G.E. Lozino-Lozinsky, it was impossible to work not at the limit of the possible. Thanks to the hard work of military builders and builders of the Ministry of Assembly and Special Works, the facilities of the complex were delivered on time, and the first launch of Buran was successful. There is a great merit in this and Leonid Veniaminovich Shumilov.

Remembers L.V. Shumilov:

“There were three landing sites for Buran. The main one - at Baikonur, from where he took off. And two spare - one in the Simferopol region, the second - in the Far East.

As for the main landing site, special requirements were put forward for it. Since the "Buran" landed in automatic mode, in the absence of the pilot, it was very important to "extinguish the buildup" that was created due to repeated irregularities on the runway at certain distances. That is, the landing strip for "Buran" had to be made very even, I would even say super-smooth - without repeating irregularities.

I had to contact my native General Directorate of the Construction Industry, which, together with the 26th Research Institute, solved this problem. The research institute strictly leveled the strip, outlined those irregularities that were to be sanded. And Glavpromstroy created a machine that could remove irregularities. Anatoly Ivanovich Borovtsev was engaged in this. Under his leadership, a meter-long set of diamond discs was made and we walked through all these places with him. The strip stretched for four kilometers, and we literally moved meter by meter and handed it over to the inspectors in parts like this.

After grinding, I drove along this site in my Volga. I put a glass of water on the hood and at a speed of 60 km / h the water from the glass did not splash. When the Buran landed, no accidents occurred. "

In 1989 L.V. Shumilov was approved as the head of the State Expertise and Inspection of the USSR Ministry of Defense, where, under his direct supervision, many important measures for the country were carried out, including the development and implementation of various aspects of the country's missile defense system, solving the problem of destroying nuclear submarine reactors, and building destruction plants. chemical weapons, other major projects.

In 1992, Colonel-General L.V. Shumilov retired. In March 1993 L.V. Shumilov created and, as CEO, headed the TVT Stroyinvest company. It brought together builders, economists and technical workers with vast experience in construction, including military and special, which allowed the company to implement various projects, many of which are unique.

Until 1999, the main activity of the company was the construction of administrative, residential and public buildings. A number of buildings have been built, for which the Mayor of Moscow received incentive awards as for the best objects built in Moscow and other regions in various nominations. Thus, on the building on Krasnopresnenskaya embankment (opposite the hotel "Ukraine") there is a memorial plaque with an indication of all the participants in the construction.

In 1999, with the participation and under the leadership of L.V. Shumilov in the city of Korolev, Moscow region, an enterprise for the production of glued wood was created. The enterprise was equipped with German equipment, which made it possible to produce elements of glued structures with a length of elements up to 22 ÷ 24 meters and a section height of up to 2 meters.

When enlarging from these elements, it is possible to overlap spans of more than 100 meters. Unique structures were built from glued structures.

A potash fertilizer terminal with a span of 61 meters, a height of 44 meters and a total length of 300 meters has been erected in St. Petersburg at the 4th district of the port. The volume of glued structures was 6500m 3. Commissioning was carried out in 2000 by the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation.

L.V. Shumilov and his fellow specialists have built water parks in the ski resort of Abzakovo for the Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works, in Mytishchi in the Moscow Region, in St. Petersburg at the Pribaltiyskaya Hotel, also in the Park of the 300th Anniversary of St. Petersburg under a dome with a diameter of 90 meters, and a number of others.

Among the facilities built under the command of Colonel-General L.V. Shumilov St. The equestrian arena in Novo-Ogarevo, in the park of the 300th anniversary of St. destination.

As a result of the competition, in 2003, TVT Stroyinvest was awarded the title of laureate of the highest public award of Russia - the Russian Alexander Nevsky Prize, with the medal “For Labor and Fatherland”.

At the same time, construction of facilities from traditional building materials continued.

The merits of L.V. Shumilov were highly noted by the state. He is a laureate of the Prize of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, awarded the Orders of Lenin, the October Revolution, the Red Star, 27 medals.

He was awarded the Order of St. Daniel of Moscow by the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia.

Awarded the titles "Honored Builder of the RSFSR", "Honorary Builder of the Russian Federation" and "Honorary Builder of Moscow". During the period of service on Novaya Zemlya, he was awarded the title: "Veteran of Special Risk Units".

Here are the words of a good friend and colleague L.V. Shumilov, lieutenant general, laureate of the USSR state prize, former head of the Main Directorate of the Construction Industry of the Ministry of Defense A.I. Borovtsev. They give an additional idea of the business and personal qualities of Leonid Veniaminovich:

“Leonid Veniaminovich played a special role in providing our troops in Afghanistan. In Afghanistan, more people died from infectious diseases, such as hepatitis, typhus and typhoid fever, than from hostilities. It was necessary to protect the personnel from infectious sources, protect from spoilage of food, drinking water, shelter the sick by cooling the air from the heat in summer and give warmth in winter.

At our factories, a sufficient number of block sewer stations, block refrigeration centers, block boiler houses, and many other protective structures were manufactured to solve the problem of combating infectious diseases. But when we were transporting the sewer systems, the Voice of America reported that Russia had sent some new missile systems to Afghanistan.

DSP (cement particle boards), which we made, went to the manufacture of barracks. When wooden barracks were delivered, termites would eat them very quickly in Vietnam. When they left the CSP, they are still standing. And there were thousands of such barracks. In Afghanistan, everyone lived in these barracks. And Shumilov insisted that the roof be double, so that there was ventilation, and that it was still cool inside the barracks.

I can characterize Shumilov as follows: after we left the army, he organized his own company. And when there was not enough money on the company's account for a salary, he personally took the money upon himself and immediately paid. We have never been without money. His decency is very high. He is a man of honor. And he always behaves with dignity. "